NOV EL-TY n. Newness; recentness of origin or introduction. Hooker.

NO-VEMBER, n. [L. from novem, nine; the ninth month, according to the ancient Roman year, beginning in March. The eleventh month of the year. NOVEN-A-RY, n. [L. novenarius.] The number nine; nine collectively.

NOVEN-A-RY, a. Pertaining to the number nine. NO-VENINI-AL, a. [L. novem and annus.] Done every ninth year. Potter.

NO-VER CAL, a. [L. noverca.] Pertaining to a step-mother;

in the manner of a step-mother.

NOVICE, n. [Fr.; L. noritius.] 1. One who is new in any business; one unacquainted or unskilled; one in the rudiments; a beginner. 2. One that has entered a religious house, but has not taken the vow; a probationer. 3. One newly planted in the church, or one newly converted to the Christian faith.

NO-VI TIATE, n. [Fr. noticiat.] 1. The state or time of learning rudiments.-2. In religious houses, a year or other time of probation for the trial of a novice.

t

NO-VI TIOUS, a. [L. novitius.] Newly-invented.
NOVA-TY, n. [L. noritas.] Newness. Brown.

NOW, adv. [Sax., D., Sw., Dan., Goth. nu.] 1. At the present time. 2. A little while ago; very lately. 3. At one time; at another time. 4. Now sometimes expresses or implies a connection between the subsequent and preceding proposition; often it introduces an inference or an explanation of what precedes. 5. After this; things being

so. 6. In supplication, it appears to be somewhat emphatical. 7. Now sometimes refers to a particular time past, specified or understood, and may be defined, at that time; as, he was now sensible of his mistake. Now and then. 1. At one time and another, indefinitely; occasionally; not often; at intervals. 2. Applied to places which appear at intervals or in succession.

NOW, n. The present time or moment.
NOW-A-DAYS, adv. In this age. Garrick.

NOWAY, adv. [no and way.] In no manner or de-
NO WAYS, gree.

NOWED, a. [Fr. noué.] Knotted; tied in a knot; used in heraldry. Encус.

† NOW/EL, n. [Fr. noel.] A shout of joy or Christmas song.

Chaucer.

† NOWES, n. [Fr. nou.] The marriage knot. Crashaw. NOWHERE, adv. [no and where.] Not in any place or

state.

NO WISE, adv. [no and wise; often, by mistake, written noways. Not in any manner or degree.

NOXIOUS, (nok'shus) a. [L. nozius.) 1. Hurtful; harmful; baneful; pernicious; destructive; unwholesome; insalubrious. 2. Guilty, criminal. 3. Unfavorable; injurious.

NOXIOUS-LY, adv. Hurtfully; perniciously. NOXIOUS-NESS, n. 1. Hurtfulness; the quality that injures, impairs or destroys; insalubrity. 2. The quality that corrupts or perverts.

ΝΟΥ, ΝΟΥ ΑNCE, NOYER, NOYFUL, NOYIOUS, NOY SANCE. See ANNOY and NUISANCE.

NOY AU, (noy'o) n. A rich cordial.

NOZLER. [from nose.] The nose; the extremity of

any thing; the snout.

† NUBBLE, v. t. [for knubble.] To beat or bruise with the fist. Ainsworth.

NU-BIF/ER-OUS, a. [L. nubifer.] Bringing or producing

clouds. Dict.

NO BI-LATE, v. t. [L. nubilo.] To cloud. NO BILE, a. (Fr.; L. nubilis.] Marriageable; of an age suitable for marriage. Prior.

NOBIL-OUS, a. [L. nubilus.] Cloudy. NU-CIF'ER-OUS, a. [L. nuz and fero.] Bearing nuts. NO/CLE-US, n. [L.] 1. Properly, the kernel of a nut; but in usage, any body about which matter is collected. 2. The body of a comet, called, also, its head, which appears to be surrounded with light.

NU-DATION, n. [L. nudatio.] The act of stripping or making bare or naked.

NUDE, a. [L. nudus.] 1. Bare.-2. In law, void; of no

force.

NU DI-TY, n. [L. nuditas.] 1. Nakedness.-2. Nudities, in the plural, naked parts which decency requires to be concealed.-3. In painting and sculpture, the naked parts of the human figure, or parts not covered with drapery. NO DUM PACTUM. [L.] In law, an agreement that is void or not valid according to the laws of the land. NU-GACI-TY, n. [L. nugaz.] Futility; trifling talk or be

havior. More.

NULATION, n. [L. nugor.] The act or practice of trifling. [Little used. Bacon.

NUGA-TO-RY, a. [L. nugatorius.] 1. Trifling; vain; futile; insignificant. Bentley. 2. Of no force; inoperative; ineffectual.

is offensive or noxious.-2. In law, that which incommodes or annoys; something that produces inconvenience or damage.

NUL, in law, signifies no, not any; as, nul disseizin. NULL, v. t. [L. nullus.] To annul; to deprive of validity; to destroy. [Not much used.] See ANNUL. NULL, a. [L. nullus. Void; of no legal or binding force or validity; of no efficacy; invalid.

† NULL, n. Something that has no force or meaning. NUL-LI-BI E-TY, n. [L. nullibi.] The state of being nowhere.

NUL-LI-FIDI-AN, a. [L. nullus and fides.] Of no faith; of no religion or honesty. Feltham.

NUL/LI-FIED, pp. Made void.

NULLI-FY, v. t. [L. nullus and facio.] To annul; to make void; to render invalid; to deprive of legal force or efficacy.

NULLITY, n. [Fr. nullité.] 1. Nothingness; want of existence. 2. Want of legal force, validity or efficacy. NUMB, (num) a. [Sax. numen.] 1. Torpid; destitute of the power of sensation and motion. 2. Producing numbness; benumbing; [obs.]

NUMB, (num) r.t. To make torpid; to deprive of the power of sensation or motion; to deaden; to benumb; to stupefy.

NUMBED, (numd) pp. Rendered torpid. NUMBED-NESS, n. Torpor; interruption of sensation. NUMBER, n. [Fr. nombre; L. numerus.] 1. The desigua tion of a unit in reference to other units, or in reckoning, counting, enumerating. 2. An assemblage of two or more units. 3. More than one; many. 4. Multitude. 5. In poetry, measure; the order and quantity of syllables constituting feet, which render verse musical to the ear. 6 Poetry; verse.-7. In grammar, the difference of termination or form of a word, to express unity or plurality.-8. In mathematics, number is variously distinguished.-Cardinal numbers are those which express the amount of units; as, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.-Ordinal numbers are those which express order; as, fint, second, third, fourth, &c.

NUMBER, v. t. [L. numero.] 1. To count; to reckon; to ascertain the units of any sum, collection or multitude. 2. To reckon as one of a collection or multitude; as, "he was numbered with the transgressors." Is. li.

NUMBERED, pp. Counted; enumerated.
NUMBER-ER, n. One that numbers.

† NUMBER-FUL, a. Many in number.
NUMBER-ING, ppr. Counting; ascertaining the units of a
multitude or collection.

NUMBER-LESS, a. That cannot be counted; innumera

ble. Milton.

NUMBERS, n. The title of the fourth book of the Pentateuch.

NUMBING, (num'ming) ppr. Making torpid.

NUM BLES, n. [Fr. nombles.] The entrails of a deer. NUMBNESS, (num'nes) n. Torpor; that state of a living

body in which it has not the power of feeling. NO MER-A-BLE, a. [L. numerabilis.] That may be numbered or counted.

NUMER-AL, a. [Fr.; L. numeralis.] 1. Pertaining to number; consisting of number. 2. Expressing number; representing number; standing as a substitute for figures. 3. Expressing numbers.

NO MER-AL, n. A numeral character or letter. Astle. NOMER-AL-LY, ade. According to number; in number. NO/MER-A-RY, a. Belonging to a certain number.

NOMER-ATE, v. t. To count or reckon in numbers; to calculate. Lancaster.

NU-MER-ATION, n. [L. numeratio.] 1. The act or art of numbering.-2. In arithmetic, notation; the art of expressing in characters any number proposed in words. NO MER-A-TOR, n. [L.] 1. One that numbers.-2. In arithmetic, the number in vulgar fractions which shows how many parts of a unit are taken.

Be

a. [It numerico; Fr. numerique.] 1. NU-MERICAL, longing to number; denoting number; consisting in numbers.-2. Numerical difference is that by which one individual is distinguished from another. NU-MER/I-CAL-LY, adv. 1. In numbers. 2. With respect to number or sameness in number.

+NO MER-IST, n. One that deals in numbers. NU-MER-OSITY, n. The state of being numerous. NO MER-OUS, a. [L. numerosus.] 1. Being many, or con sisting of a great number of individuals. 2. Consisting of poetic numbers; melodious; musical.

NUMER-OUS-LY, adv. In great numbers.

NÜ MER-OUS-NESS, n. 1. The quality of being numerous or many; the quality of consisting of a great number of individuals. 2. The quality of consisting of poetic numbers; melodiousness; musicalness.

NU-MIS-MATIC, a. [L. numisma.] Pertaining to money, coin or medals.

* NU MIS-MATICS, 2. The science of coins and medals.

NU-MIS-MA-TOL/O-GIST, n. One versed in the knowledge of coins and medals.

NU-MIS-MA-TOL/O-GY, n. [Gr. νομισμα and λογος.] The branch of historical science which treats of coins and medals.

NUM MA-RY, a. [L. nummus.] Pertaining to coin or NUM/MU-LAR, money. Arbuthnot.

NUM MU-LITE, n. [L. nummus.] Fossil remains of a chambered shell of a flattened forin, formerly mistaken for money.

NUMPS, n. A dolt; a blockhead. Parker. NUM SKULL, a. [numb and skull.] A dunce; a dolt; a stupid fellow. Prior.

NUM SKULLED, a. Dull in intellect; stupid; doltish.

NUN, n. [Sax., Dan. nunne; D. non; G. nonne; Sw. nunna; Fr. nonne.] A woman devoted to a religious life, and who lives in a cloister or nunnery.

NUN, n. 1. A web-footed fowl of the size of a duck, with a white head and neck. 2. The blue titmouse.

NUN CHION, n. A portion of food taken between meals. Ainsworth.

NUN CI-A-TURE, (nun'she-a-ture) n. The office of a nuncio. NUN CI-O, (nun'she-o) n. [It. nunzio; L. nuncius.] 1. An embassador from the pope to some catholic prince or state. 2. A messenger; one who brings intelligence.

NUN CU-PATE, v. t. [L. nuncupo.] To declare publicly or solemnly. Barrow.

NUN-CU-PATION, n. A naming. Chaucer. NUN-CU PA-TIVE, a. [It. nuncupativo; Fr. nuncupatif.] NUN-CO PA-TO-RY, 1. Nominal; existing only in name. 2. Publicly or solemnly declaratory. 3. Verbal; not written. NUN DI-NAL,

a.

[L. nundinalis.) 1. Pertaining to a NUN DI-NA-RY, fair or to a market day. 2. A nundinal letter, among the Romans, was one of the eight first letters of the alphabet, which were repeated successively from the first to the last day of the year.

NUN DI-NAL, n. A nundinal letter.

NUN DI-NATE, v. i. To buy and sell at fairs.
NUN-DI-NATION, n. Traffick in fairs.

NUN-NATION, n. In Arabic grammar, from the name of
N, the pronunciation of n at the end of words.
NUN NER-Y, n. A house in which nuns reside.
NUPTIAL, a. [L. nuptialis.] 1. Pertaining to marriage;
done at a wedding. 2. Constituting marriage.
NUPTIALS, n. plu. Marriage, which see. Dryden.
NURSE, (nurs) n. [Fr. nourrice.] 1. A woman that has
the care of infants, or a woman employed to tend the
children of others. 2. A woman who suckles infants. 3.
A woman that has the care of a sick person. 4. A man
who has the care of the sick. 5. A person that breeds,
educates or protects; hence, that which breeds, brings up
or causes to grow. 6. An old woman; in contempt. 7.
The state of being nursed.-8. In composition, that which
supplies food.

NURSE, (nurs) v. t. 1. To tend, as infants. 2. To suckle; to nourish at the breast. 3. To attend and take care of in child-bed. 4. To tend the sick. 5. To feed; to maintain; to bring up. Is. Ix. 6. To cherish; to foster; to encourage; to promote growth in. 7. To manage with care and economy, with a view to increase.

NURSED, pp. Tended in infancy or sickness; nourished from the breast; maintained; cherished. NURSER, n. One that cherishes or encourages growth. NURSIER-Y, n. 1. The place or apartment in a house appropriated to the care of children. 2. A plantation of young trees. 3. The place where any thing is fostered and the growth promoted. 4. That which forms and educates. 5. The act of nursing; [little used.] 6. That which is the object of a nurse's care.

NURSING, ppr. Tending; nourishing at the breast; educating; maintaining.

NURS LING, n. 1. An infant; a child. 2. One that is nursed.

NURTURE, n. [Fr. nourriture.] 1. That which nourishes; food; diet. 2. That which promotes growth; education; instruction.

NURTURE, v. t. 1. To feed; to nourish. 2. To educate; to bring or train up. Wotton.

NU SANCE. See NUISANCE.

NUSTLE, v. t. To fondle; to cherish. Ainsworth.

NUT, n. [Sax. hnut.] 1. The fruit of certain trees 2.4 shrubs, consisting of a hard shell inclosing a kernel-2. In mechanics, a small cylinder or other body, with teeth or projections corresponding with the teeth or grooves of a wheel. 3. The projection near the eye of an anchor.

NUT, v. t. To gather nuts. Wood. NU-TATION, n. [L. nutatio.] In astronomy, a kind of tremulous motion of the axis of the earth, by which, in its annual revolution, it is twice inclined to the ecliptic, and as often returns to its former position.

NUT BREAK-ER. See NUTCRACKER.

NUT-BROWN, a. Brown as a nut long kept and dried.
NUT-CRACK-ER, n. 1. An instrument for cracking nuts.
2. A bird of the genus corvus; the nut-breaker.
NUTIGALL, n. An excrescence of the oak. Brown.
NUT-HATCH, n. The common name of birds of the ge-

nus sitta.

NUT-HOOK, n. A pole with a hook at the end to pull down boughs for gathering the nuts; also, the name given to a thief that stole goods from a window by means of a hook.

NUT JOB-BER, or NUT PECK-ER, 1. A bird. Ainsworth. NUT MEG, n. [L. nuz moschata. The fruit of a tree of the genus myristica, growing in the isles of the East Indies

and South Sea.

NU-TRI-CATION, n. Manner of feeding or being fed. NOTRI-ENT, a. [L. nutrio.] Nourishing; promoting growth.

NO TRI-ENT, n. Any substance which nourishes by promoting the growth or repairing the waste of animal bodies.

NUTRI-MENT, n. [L. nutrimentum.] 1. That which nourishes; food; aliment. 2. That which promotes enlarge ment or improvement.

NU-TRI-MENTAL, 4. Having the qualities of food; ali mental.

NU-TRITION, n. [L. nutritio.] 1. The act or process of promoting the growth or repairing the waste of animal bodies; the act or process of promoting growth in vegetables. 2. That which nourishes; nutriment.

NU-TRITIOUS, a. Nourishing; promoting the growth or repairing the waste of animal bodies.

NUTRI-TIVE, a. Having the quality of nourishing; nutrimental; alimental.

NUTRI-TURE, n. The quality of nourishing.

NUT-SHELL, n. 1. The hard shell of a nut; the covering of the kernel. 2. A thing of little compass or of little value.

NUT-TREE, n. A tree that bears nuts. NUZ/ZLE, v. t. To nurse; to foster. [Vulgar.] NUZ/ZLE, v. t. [qu. from nose, or noursle.] To hide the head, as a child in the mother's bosom. Bailey. NUZZLE, v. t. To nestle; to house as in a nest. NUZZLE, v. i. To go with the nose near the ground, or thrusting the nose into the ground like a swine.

NYCTA-LOPS, n. [Gr. νυκταλωψ.] 1. One that sees best in the night. 2. One who loses his sight as night comes on, and remains blind till morning.

NYE TA-LO-PY, n. 1. The faculty of seeing best in darkness, or the disorder from which this faculty proceeds.2. In present usage, the disorder in which the patient loses his sight as night approaches, and remains blind till morning.

NYE, n. A brood or flock of pheasants. NYL GAU, n. A quadruped of the genus bos. NYMPH, n. [L. nympha; Gr. νυμφη.] 1. In mythology, a goddess of the mountains, forests, meadows and waters.2. In poetry, a lady.

NYMPH, n. Another name of the pupa, chrysalis, or aw NYMPHA, relia.

NYM-PHÊ ẢN, a. Pertaining to nymphs; inhabited by nymphs. Faber.

NYMPHI-CAL, a. Pertaining to nymphs.
NYMPHISH, a. Relating to nymphs; ladylike. Drayton

NYMPH LIKE, NYMPH/LY,

† NYS, [ne and is.] None is; is not. Spenser.

the fifteenth letter, and the fourth vowel, in the

English Alphabet. It has a long sound, as in tone, hone, roll, droll; a short sound, as in lot, plod, rod; and the sound of oo, or the Italian u, and French ou, as in move, prove. This sound is shortened in words ending in a close articulation, as in book, foot.

As a numeral, O was sometimes used by the ancients for 11, and, with a dash over it, Õ, for 11,000.

Among the Irish, O, prefixed to the name of a family, denotes progeny, or is a character of dignity; as, O'Neil. O is often used as an exclamation, expressing a wish ; as, O,

were he present. Dryden.

O. S. stands for old style.

OAF, n. [said to be a corruption of oupa.] 1. A changeling; a foolish child left by fairies in the place of another. 2. A dolt; an idiot; a blockhead.

OAFISH, a. Stupid; dull; doltish. [Little ased.] ÕAFISH-NESS, n. Stupidity; dullness; folly. [L. u.] OAK, n. [Sax. ac, ac.] A tree of the genus quercus. OAK-AP-PLE, n. A kind of spungy excrescence on oak leaves or tender branches, &c.; called, also, oak leaf gall, or gall-nut.

OAK EN, (kn) a. 1. Made of oak, or consisting of oak. 2.
Composed of branches of oak. Addison.

OAK EN-PIN, n. An apple; so called from its hardness.
OAK LING, n. A young oak. Evelyn.
ÕAK'UM, n. [Sax. æcemba, acumbe.] The substance of old
ropes untwisted and pulled into loose hemp.
OAKY, a. [from vak.] Hard; firm; strong. Hall.

ÕAR, n. [Sax. ar.] An instrument for rowing boats.-To boat the wars, in seamanship, to cease rowing and lay the oars in the boat.- To ship the oars, to place them in the row-locks. To unship the cars, to take them out of the row-locks.

OAR, v. i. To row. Pope.

OAR, v. 1. Τo impel by rowing. Shak.

ÕARY, a. Having the form or use of an oar. Milton. OA-SIS, n. A fertile spot surrounded by an arid desert.

OAST, OST, or OUST, n. [qu. Gr. εστια, or L. ustus.] A kiln to dry hops or malt. Mortimer.

ÕAT, n. [Sax. ate.] A plant of the genus avena. The word is commonly used in the plural, oats. The meal of this grain, oatmeal, forms a considerable and very valuable article of food for man in Scotland, and every where oats are excellent food for horses and cattle.

ОАТ САКЕ, n. A cake made of the meal of oats.

OATEN, (ötn) a. 1. Made of oatmeal; as, vaten cakes. 2. Consisting of an oat straw or stem; as, an oaten pipe. Milton.

OATH, n. [Sax. ath.] A solemn affirmation or declaration, made with an appeal to God for the truth of what is affirmed.

OATH'A-BLE, a. Capable of having an oath administer

ed to.

OATH BREAK-ING, n. The violation of an oath; perjury. OAT MALT, n. Malt made of oats. Mortimer.

OATMEAL, n. 1. Meal of oats produced by grinding or pounding. Gay. 2. A plant; [obs.]

†OAT THIS-TLE, n. A plant. Ainsworth.

OB, a Latin preposition, signifies, primarily, in front, before, and hence against, towards; as in objicio, to object, that is, to throw against. It has also the force of in or on; as in obtrude. In composition, the letter b is often changed into the first letter of the word to which it is prefixed; as in occasion, offer, oppose.

OB-AM BU-LATE, v. i. [L. obambulo. To walk about. OB-AM-BU-LATION, n. A walking about. Dict. OB-BLI-GA TO, a. [It.] A term in music, signifying on purpose for the instrument named. Cyc.

OB-CORD'ATE, a. [L. ob and cor.] In botany, shaped like a heart, with the apex downward.

OB-DOR-MIATION, n. [L. obdormio.] Sleep; sound sleep. [Little used.] Hall.

OB-DUCE, v. t. [L. obduco.] To draw over, as a covering. [Little used.] Hale.

+ OB-DUCT, v. t. [L. obduco.] To draw over; to cover. OB-DUCTION, n. [L. obductio.] The act of drawing over, as a covering; the act of laying over. [Little used.] *OB'DU-RA-CY, n. Invincible hardness of heart; impenitence that cannot be subdued; inflexible persistency in sin; obstinacy in wickedness. OBDU-RATÉ, a. [L. obduro.] 1. Hardened in heart; inflexibly hard; persisting obstinately in sin or impeni tence. 2. Hardened against good or favor; stubborn; unyielding; inflexible. 3. Harsh; rugged. [L. u.] Swift. †OR DU-RATE, v. t. To harden. More.

OBDU-RATE-LY, adv. Stubbornly; inflexibly; with obstinate impenitence.

OB DU-RATE-NESS, n. Stubbornness; inflexible persist

ence in sin.

*O-BE'DI-ENT, a. [L. obediens.] Submissive to authority yielding compliance with commands, orders or injunctions; performing what is required, or abstaining from what is forbid.

*O-BE-DI-ENTIAL, a. [Fr. obedienciel.] According to the rule of obedience; in compliance with commands. *O-BE/DI-ENT-LY, adr. With obedience; with due sub mission to commands. Tillotson.

*O-BELSANCE, n. [Fr. obeissance.] A how or courtesy; an act of reverence made by an inclination of the body or the knee.

OB-E-LIS CAL, a. In the form of an obelisk. Stukeley. OB/E-LISK, n. [L. obeliscus.] 1. A truncated, quadrangu lar and slender pyramid intended as an ornament.-2. In writing and printing, a reference or mark referring the reader to a note in the margin, thus, f. It is used also for designating obsolete words, or for other purposes. †O-BEQ'UI-TATE, v. i. [L. obequito.] To ride about. O-BEQ-UI-TATION, n. The act of riding about. OB-ER-RATION, n. [L. oberro.] The act of wandering about. (Little used.) Johnson. O-BESE, a. [L. obesus.] Fat; fleshy. [Little used.]

O-BESI-TY,

n. [L. obesitas.] Fatness; fleshiness; in} }cumbrance of flesh.

O-BEY', (o-ba) v. t. [Fr. oboir.] 1. To comply with the commands, orders or instructions of a superior, or with the requirements of law. 2. To submit to the government of; to be ruled by. 3. To submit to the direction or control of. 4. To yield to the impulse, power or operation of.

O-BEY'ED, (o-bade') pp. Complied with; performed; as a command; yielded to.

O-BEY ER, n. One who yields obedience. O-BEYING, ypr. Complying with commands; submitting to.

OB-FIRM,

c. t. To make firm; to harden in reso

OB-FIRM ATE, lution. Hall. OB-FUS CATE, v. t. [L. ol and fusco.] To darken; to ob

scure. Waterhouse.

OB-FUS CATE,
OB-FUSCA-TED,
OB-FUS-CATION, n. The act of darkening or rendering
obscure; a clouding.

pp. Darkened in color. Shenstone.

OBIT, n. [L. obrit, obicit.] Properly, death; decease; hence, funeral solemnities or anniversary service for the soul of the deceased on the day of his death. O-BIT'U-AL, a. [L. obitus.] Pertaining to obits, or the days when funeral solemnities are celebrated. Encyc.

O-BIT'U-A-RY, n. [Fr. obituaire.] 1. A list of the dead, or a register of obitual anniversary days, when service is performed for the dead. 2. An account of persons de

ceased.

O-BIT U-A-RY, a. Relating to the decease of a person. OBJECT, n. [Fr. objet; L. objectum.] 1. That about which any power or faculty is employed, or something apprehended or presented to the mind by sensation or imagination. 2. That to which the mind is directed for accomplishment or attainment; end; ultimate purpose. 3. Something presented to the senses or the mind, to excite emotion, affection or passion.-4. In grammar, that which is produced, influenced or acted on by something else; that which follows a transitive verb.

OBJECT-GLASS, n. In a telescope or microscope, the glass placed at the end of a tube next the object. OB-JECT, v. t. [L. objicio.] 1. Το oppose; to present in opposition. 2. To present or offer in opposition. 3. To offer; to exhibit; [little used.]

OB-JECT, v. i. To oppose in words or arguments; to offer reasons against.

OB-JECT, a. Opposed; presented in opposition. OB-JECT/A-BLE, c. That may be opposed. Taylor. OB-JECTION, n. [L. objectio.] 1. The act of objecting 2. That which is presented in opposition; adverse rea son or argument. 3. That which may be offered in op position; reason existing, though not offered, against a measure or an opinion. 4. Criminal charge; fault found.

OB-JECTION-A-BLE, a. Justly liable to objections; such as may be objected against.

OB-JECTIVE, a. [Fr. objectif.] 1. Belonging to the object; contained in the object.-2. In grammar, the objective case is that which follows a transitive verb or a preposition.

OB-JECTIVE-LY, adv. 1. In the manner of an object. Locke. 2. In the state of an object. Brown.

OB-JECTIVE-NESS, n. The state of being an object. OB-JECTOR, n. One that objects; one that offers arguments or reasons in opposition to a proposition or meas

OB-LA DA, n. A fish of the sparus kind. OB-LATE, a. [L. oblatus.] Flattened or depressed at the poles. Cheyne.

OB-LATE NESS, n. The quality or state of being oblate. OB-LATION, n. [L. oblatio.] Any thing offered or presented in worship or sacred service; an offering; a sacrifice.

OB-LA/TION-ER, 2. One who makes an offering as an act of worship or reverence.

OB-LEETATE, v. t. [L. oblecto.] To delight.

OB-LEE-TATION, n. The act of pleasing highly; delight.

Feltham.

OBLI-GATE, v. t. [L. obligo.] To bind, as one's self, in a moral and legal sense; to impose on, as a duty which the law or good faith may enforce. Churchill.

OB LI-GA-TED, pp. Bound by contract or promise. OB'LI-GA-TING, per. Bound by covenant, contract, promise or bond

OB-LI-GATION, n. [L. obligatio.] 1. The binding power of a vow, promise, oath or contract, or of law, civil, political or moral, independent of a promise; that which constitutes legal or moral duty, and which renders a person Hable to coercion and punishment for neglecting it. 2. The binding force of civility, kindness or gratitude, when the performance of a duty cannot be enforced by law. 3. Any act by which a person becomes bound to do something to or for another, or to forbear something.-4. In law, a bond with a condition annexed, and a penalty for non-fulfilment.

OB-LI-GATO. See OBBLIGATO.

OBLI-GA-TO-RY, a. Binding in law or conscience; imposing duty; requiring performance or forbearance of some

act.

O-BLIGE, v. t. [Fr. obliger; L. obligo.] 1. To constrain by necessity; to compel by physical force. 2. To constrain by legal force; to bind in law. 3. To bind or constrain by moral force. 4. To bind in conscience or honor; to constrain by a sense of propriety. 5. To do a favor to; to lay under obligation of gratitude. 6. To do a favor to; to please; to gratify. 7. To indebt.

O-BLIGED, (o-blijd') pp. Bound in duty or in law; compelled; constrained; favored; indebted.

OB-LI-GEE, n. The person to whom another is bound, or the person to whom a bond is given. O-BLIGE/MENT, n. Obligation. [Little used.] Dryden. *O-BLIGER, n. One that obliges.

*O-BLIGING, ppr. 1. Binding in law or conscience; compelling; constraining. 2. Doing a favor to. O-BLIGING, a. [Fr. obligeant.] Having the disposition to do favors, or actually conferring them.

*O-BLIGING-LY, adv. With civility; kindly; complalsantly.

O-BLIGING-NESS, n. 1. Obligation; [little used.] 2. Civility; complaisance; disposition to exercise kindness. OB-LI-GOR', n. The person who binds himself or gives his bond to another. Blackstone.

OB-LI-QUATION, n. [L. obliquo.] 1. Declination from a straight line or course; a turning to one side. 2. Deviation from moral rectitude.

1. Deviating from

OB-LIREE, (ob-like) [Doblar. oblique line; not direct; not perpendicular; not parallel; aslant. 2. Indirect; by a side glance. Shak.-3. In grammar, an oblique case is any case except the nominative. OB-LIQUE/LY, adv. 1. In a line deviating from a right line; not directly; not perpendicularly. 2. Indirectly; by a side glance; by an allusion; not in the direct or plain meaning.

*OB-LIQUENESS, n. Obliquity.

OB-LIQUI-TY, n. [L. obliquitas; Fr. obliquité. 1. Deviation from a right line; deviation from parallelism or perpendicularity. 2. Deviation from moral rectitude. 3. Irregularity; deviation from ordinary rules.

OB-LITER-ATE, v. t. [L. oblitero.] 1. To efface; to erase or blot out any thing written; or to efface any thing engraved. 2. To efface; to wear out; to destroy by time or other means. 3. To reduce to a very low or imperceptible

state.

OB-LITER-A-TED, pp. Effaced; erased; worn out. OB-LITER-A-TING, ppr. Effacing; wearing out; destroying.

OB-LIT-ER-ATION, n. The act of effacing; effacement; a blotting out or wearing out; extinction. Hale. OB-LIVI-ON, n. [L. oblivio.] 1. Forgetfulness; cessation of remembrance. 2. A forgetting of offenses, or remission of punishment.

OB-LIVI-OUS, a. [L. obliviosus.] 1. Causing forgetfulness. Shak. 2. Forgetful. Cavendish.

OBLO-CU-TOR, n. A gainsayer. Bull.

OBLONG, a. [Fr.; L. oblongus.] Longer than broad. OBLONG, n. A figure or solid which is longer than it is broad.

OB LONG-ISH, a. Somewhat oblong.

OBLONG LY, adv. In an oblong form. Cheyne.

OBLONG-NESS, n. The state of being longer than broad OBLONG-OVATE, a. In botany, between oblong and ovate, but inclined to the latter. Martyn. OB-LO QUI-OUS, a. Containing obloquy; reproachful. OB'LO-QUY, n. [L. obloquor.] 1. Censorious speech; reproachful language; language that casts contempt on inen or their actions. 2. Cause of reproach; disgrace; [obs.] OB-LUC-TATION, n. [L. obluctor.] A struggling or striv ing against; resistance; [little used.] Fotherby. OB-MU-TESCENCE, n. [L. obmutesco.] 1. Loss of speech,

silence. 2. A keeping silence.

OB-NOXIOUS, (ob-nok shus) a. [L. obnoxius.] 1. Subject; answerable. 2. Liable; subject to cognizance or punish ment. 3. Liable; exposed. 4. Reprehensible; censurable; not approved. Fell. 5. Odious; hateful; offensive 6. Hurtful; noxious.

OB-NOXIOUS-LY, adv. 1. In a state of subjection or lia bility. 2. Reprehensibly; odiously; offensively.

OB-NOX 10US-NESS, n. 1. Subjection or liableness to punishment. 2. Odiousness; offensiveness.

OB-NO BI-LATE, v. t, [L. obnubilor.] To cloud; to ob

scure.

OB-NU-BI-LATION, n. The act or operation of making dark or obscure. Beddoes.

OBOLE, n. [L.. obolus.) In pharmacy, the weight of ten grains, or half a scruple. Encyc.

OBO-LUS, n. [L.) A small silver coin of Athens, the sixth part of a drachina, about two cents in value. OB-OVATE, a. In botany, inversely ovate; having the narrow end downward. Martyn.

OB-REPTION, n. [L. obrepo.] The act of creeping on with secrecy or by surprise.

OB-REP-TITIOUS, a. Done or obtained by surprise; with secrecy or by concealment of the truth. OB-SCENE, (ob-seon') a. [Fr.; L. obscanus.] 1. Offensive to chastity and delicacy; impure. 2. Foul; filthy; offensive; disgusting. 3. Inauspicious; ill-omened. Dryden. OB-SCENE LY, adv. In a manner offensive to chastity or purity; impurely; unchastely. Milton. OB-SCENE NESS, n. [Fr. obscenité; L. obscenitas.] 1. OB-SCENITY, Impurity in expression or representation; that quality in words or things which presents what is offensive to chastity or purity of mind; ribaldry. 2. Unchaste actions; lewdness.

OB-SCU-RATION, n. [L. obscuratio.] 1. The act of darkening. 2. The state of being darkened or obscured. OB-SCORE, a. [L. obscurus.] 1. Dark; destitute of light. 2. Living in darkness. 3. Not easily understood; not obviously intelligible; abstruse. 4. Not much known or observed; retired; remote from observation. 5. Not noted; unknown; unnoticed; humble; mean. 6. Scarcely legible. 7. Not clear, full or distinct; imperfect. OB-SCORE, n. t. [L. obscuro.] 1. To darken; to make dark. 2. To cloud; to make partially dark. 3. To hide from the view. 4. To make less visible. 5. To make less legible. 6. To make less intelligible. 7. To make less glorious, beautiful or illustrious. 8. To conceal; to make unknown. 9. To tarnish.

OB-SCURELY, adv. 1. Darkly; not clearly; imperfectly. 2. Out of sight; in a state not to be noticed; privately; in retirement; not conspicuously. 3. Not clearly; not plainly to the mind; darkly. 4. Not plainly; indirectly; by hints or allusion.

OB-SCORE/NESS, or OB-SEOʻRI-TY, n. [L. obscuritas.] 1. Darkness; want of light. 2. A state of retirement from the world; a state of being unnoticed; privacy. 3. Darkness of meaning; unintelligibleness. 4. Illegibleness. 5 A state of being unknown to fame; humble condition. OB-SCORER, . Whatever or whoever obscures. Lord. OBSE-CRATE, v. t. [L. obsecro.] To beseech; to entreat; to supplicate; to pray earnestly. Cockeram. OB-SE-CRATION, n. 1. Entreaty; supplication. 2. A figure of rhetoric, in which the orator implores the assistance of God or man.

OBSE-QUENT, a. [L. obsequens.] Obedient; submissive to; [little used.] Fotherby.

OB/SE-QUTES, n. plu. [Fr. obsèques.] Funeral rites and solemnities; the last duties performed to a deceased person. [Milton uses the word in the singular, but the common usage is different.]

OB-SE QUI-OUS, a. [L. obsequium.] 1. Promptly obedient or submissive to the will of another; compliant; yielding to the desires of others. 2. Servilely or meanly condescending; compliant to excess. 3. Funereal; pertaining to funeral rites; [obs.]

OB-SE QUI-OUS-LY, adv. 1. With ready obedience; with prompt compliance. 2. With reverence for the dead; [obs.] OB-SE QUI-OUS-NESS, n. 1. Ready obedience; prompt compliance with the orders of a superior. 2. Servile submission; mean or excessive complaisance.

†OB'SE-QUY, n. [L. obsequium.] Funeral ceremony; obsequiousness; compliance. B. Jonson.

†OB SE-RATE, v. t. [L. obsero.] To lock up; to shut in. Cockeram.

OB-SERVIA-BLY, adv. In a manner worthy of note.
OB-SERVIANCE, n. [Fr.] 1. The act of observing; the
act of keeping or adhering to in practice; performance.
2. Respect; ceremonial reverence in practice. 3. Per-
formance of rites, religious ceremonies or external service.
4. Rule of practice; thing to be observed. 5. Observation;
attention to; [little used.] 6. Obedient regard or atten-
tion; [obs.]

OB-SER-VANDA, n. plu. [L.] Things to be observed.
OB-SERVIANT, a. 1. Taking notice; attentively viewing
or noticing. 2. Obedient; adhering to in practice. 3
Carefully attentive; submissive.

OB-SERVIANT, n. 1. A slavish attendant; [obs.] Shak.
2. A diligent observer. Hooker.
OB-SER-VATION, n. [L. observatio.] 1. The act of ob-
serving or taking notice; the act of seeing or of fixing the
mind on any thing. 2. Notion gained by observing; the
effect or result of seeing or taking cognizance in the mind.
3. Observance; adherence to in practice; performance of
what is prescribed. 4. In navigation, the taking of the
altitude of the sun or a star ir order to find the latitude.
OB-SER-VATOR, n. [Fr. observateur.] 1. One that ob-
serves or takes notice. Hale. 2. A remarker.
OB-SERVIA-TO-RY, n. [Fr. observatoire.] A place or
building for making observations on the heavenly
bodies.

OB-SERVE, (ob-zerv') v. t. [L. observo.] 1. To see or behold with some attention; to notice. 2. To take notice or cognizance of by the intellect. 3. To utter or express, as a remark, opinion or sentiment; to remark. 4. Το keep religiously; to celebrate. 5. To keep or adhere to in practice; to comply with; to obey. 6 To practice. OB-SERVE, (ob-zerv') v. i. 1. To remark 2. To be attentive.

OB-SERVED, (ob-zervd1) pp. 1. Noticed by the eye or the mind. 2. Kept religiously; celebrated; practiced. OB-SERVER, n. 1. One who observes; one that takes notice; particularly, one who looks to with care, attention or vigilance. 2. A beholder; a looker on; a spectator. 3. One who keeps any law, custom, regulation or rite; one who adheres to any thing in practice; one who performs. 4. One who fulfils or performs. 5. One who keeps religiously.

OB-SERVING, ppr. 1. Taking notice by the eye or the intellect. 2. Remarking. 3. Keeping; adhering to in praetice; fulfilling. 4. a. Giving particular attention; habitually taking notice; attentive to what passes. OB-SERVING-LY, adv. Attentively; carefully with close observation. Shak.

†OB-SESSI, v. t. [L.. obsideo, obsessus.] To besiege. OB-SESSIÓN, n. [L. obsessio.] The act of besieging; the first attack of Satan antecedent to possession [Little used.] OB-SIDI-AN, n. A mineral.

OB-SIDI-O-NAL, a. [L. obsidionalis.] Pertaining to a siege. Brown.

OB SIG NATE, v. t. [L. obsigno.] To seal up; to ratify. [Little used. Barrow.

OB-SIG-NATION, n. The act of sealing; ratification by sealing; confirmation. Taylor. OB-SIGINA-TO-RY, a. Ratifying; confirming by sealing. OB-SO-LES CENT, a. [L. obsolesco.] Going out of use; passing into desuetude. Campbell. *OB-SO-LETE', a. [L.. obsoletus.] 1. Gone into disuse; disused; neglected. Dryden. 2. In botany, obscure; not very distinct. Eaton.

OB-SO-LETE/NESS, n. 1. The state of being neglected in nse; a state of desuetude.-2. In botany, indistinctness. OBSTA-CLE, n. [Fr.] That which opposes; any thing that stands in the way and hinders progress; hinderance;

obstruction.

OB'STAN-CY, n. [L. obstantia.] Opposition; impediment, obstruction. B. Jonson.

OB-STET RIC, a. [L. obstetriz.) Pertaining to midwifery, or the delivery of women in childbed.

OB-STET'RI-CATE, v. i. To perform the office of a midwife. [Little used.] Evelyn. OB-STETRI-CΛΤΕ, v. t. To assist as a midwife. [L. u.] OB-STET-RI-CATION, n. 1. The act of assisting as a midwife. 2. The office of a midwife.

OB-STE-TRICIAN, n. One skilled in the art of assisting women in parturition. Med. Repos.

OB-STETRICS, n. The art of assisting women in parturition; midwifery. Encyc.

OBSTI-NA-CY, n. [L. obstinatio.] 1. A firm and usually unreasonable adherence to an opinion, purpose or system; a fixedness that will not yield to persuasion, arguments or other means; stubbornness; pertinacity; persistency. 2. Fixedness that will not yield to application, or that yields with difficulty.

OB STI-NATE, a. [L. obstinatus.] 1. Stubborn; pertinaciously adhering to an opinion or purpose; fixed firmly in

resolution; not yielding to reason, argumere or other means. 2. Not yielding or not easily subdued or re moved.

OB'STI-NATE-LY, adv. Stubbornly; pertinaciously; with fixedness of purpose not to be shaken. OBSTI-NATE-NESS, n. Stubbornness; pertinacity in opinion or purpose; fixed determination. Hall. OB-STI-PATION, n. [L. obstipo.] 1. The act of stopping up, as a passage.-2. In medicine, costiveness. OB-STREPER-OUS, a. [L. obstreperus.] Loud; noisy; clamorous; vociferous; making a tumultuous noise. OB-STREPER-OUS-LY, adv. Loudly; clamorously; with tumultuous noise.

OB-STREP'ER-OUS-NESS, n. Loudness; clamor; noisy

turbulence.

OB-STRICTION, n. [L. obstrictus.] Obligation; bond. OB-STRUCT', v. t. [L. obstruo.] 1. To block up; to stop up or close, as a way or passage; to fill with obstacles. 2. To stop; to impede; to hinder in passing. 3. To retard; to interrupt; to render slow.

OB-STRUCT ED, pp. 1. Blocked up; stopped, as a passage. 2. Hindered; impeded, as progress. 3. Retarded; interrupted.

OB-STRUCTER, n. One that obstructs or hinders. OB-STRUCTING, ppr. Blocking up; stopping; impeding; interrupting.

OB-STRUCTION, n. [L. obstructio.] 1. The art of obstructing. 2. Obstacle; impediment; any thing that stops or closes a way or channel. 3. That which impedes progress; hinderance. 4. A heap; [not proper.] Shak. OBSTRUCTIVE, a. [Fr.obstructif.] Presenting obstacles; hindering; causing impediment. Hammond. OB-STRUCTIVE, n. Obstacle; impediment; [little used.] OBSTRU-ENT, a. [L. obstruens.] Blocking up; hindering. OBSTRU-ENT, n. Any thing that obstructs the natural passages in the body. Quincy. OB-STU-PE-FACTION, n. [L. obstupefacio.] The act of making stupid or insensible. See STUPEFACTION. OB-STU-PE-FACITIVE, a. [L. obstupefacio.] Stupefying; rendering insensible, torpid or inert. See STUPEFACTIVE. OB-STO PI-FY, v. t. To render stupid. Annot. on Glan

rille.

OB-TAIN', v. t. [L. obtinco.] 1. To get; to gain; to pro cure; to gain possession of a thing; to acquire. This word usually implies exertion to get possession, and in this it differs from receive, which may or may not imply exertion. It ditfers from acquire, as genus from species; acquire being properly applied only to things permanently possessed; but obtain is applied both to things of temporary and of permanent possession. 2. To keep; to hold. OB TAΙΝ, τ. 1. 1. Τo be received in customary or common use; to continue in use; to be established in practice. 2. To be established; to subsist in nature. 3. To prevail; to succeed; [little used.] Bacon.

OB-TAIN A-BLE, a. That may be obtained; that may be procured or gained. Arbuthnot.

OB-TAINED, (ob-tand') pp. Gained; procured; acquired.
OB-TAIN ER, n. One who obtains.

OB-TAIN ING, ppr. Gaining; procuring; acquiring.
OB-TAINMENT, n. The act of obtaining. Milton.

OB-TEM'PER-ATE, . t. [L. obtempero.] To obey. Dict OB-TEND', e. t. [L. obtendo.] 1. To oppose; to hold out in opposition. 2. To pretend; to offer as the reason of any thing; [obs.]

OB-TEN-E-BRATION, n. [L. ob and tenebre.] A darkening; act of darkening; darkness; [little used.] Bacon. +OB-TENSION, n. The act of obtending. OB-TEST, v. t. [L. cbtestor.] To beseech; to supplicate. OB-TEST, v. i. To protest. Waterhouse.

OB-TES-TATION, n. 1. Supplication; entreaty. Elyot 2. Solemn injunction. Hall. OB-TESTING, ppr. Beseeching; supplicating. OB-TREC-TATION, n. [L. obtrectatio.] Slander; detrac tion; calumny; [little used.] Barrow. OB-TRÜDE', v. t. [L. obtrudo.] 1. To thrust in or on; to throw, crowd or thrust into any place. 2. To offer with unreasonable importunity; to urge upon against the will. -To obtrude one's self, to enter a place where one is not desired; to thrust one's self in uninvited, or against the will of the company.

OB-TRODE/, .. 1. To enter when not invited. 2. To thrust or be thrust upon.

OB-TRODED, pp. Thrust in by force or unsolicited.
OB-TRUD ER, n. One who obtrudes. Boule.
OB-TRUDING, ppr. Thrusting in or on; entering unin-

vited.

OB-TRUN CATE, v. t. [L. obtrunco.] To deprive of a limb; to lop; [little used.] Corkeram.

OB-TRUN-CATION, n. The act of catting off. [L. used.) OB-TRUSION, n. [L. obtrudo.] The act of obtruding; a thrusting upon others by force or unsolicited.

OB-TRUSIVE, a. Disposed to obtrude any thing upon others; inclined to intrude or thrust one's self among others, or to enter uninvited.