Persea tree, ii. 28. See Egleeg.

sacred to Athor, i. 256.
Phalanx of infantry, Egyptian, i.

340-342.

66

a fool

Pharaoh, i. 310. See King.
Physician, origin of saying
or a, after forty," ii. 352.
Pig sacrificed to the moon, i. 286.
to Typho, i. 323.

paste figure of a, offered by poor
people, i. 387.

's flesh abhorred by the priests,
i. 322, 324.

treatment of, not kept in a sty,
i. 231.

eaten sometimes by the Egypti-
ans, i. 323.

turned into the fields, ii. 18, 19.
rarely found in the sculptures,
and never before the 18th dynasty
(woodcut), ii. 18.

Pillows, or head stools, of wood and
other materials, i. 63, 71, 335, 336.
Pins, ii. 344, 345.

Pipe, the Egyptian, very old, i. 127.
of reed and of straw, i. 127-129.
invented by Osiris, i. 127.
double, i. 128, 12J.

double, was among the sacred
instruments, i. 129.

double, of modern Egypt, or
Zummara, i. 128.

Pipes and flutes at first rude, i. 84.

427

Pirouette danced 4000 years ago, i.
138.

Pitch called "zift” or “sift,” i. 397;
ii. 120, 259.

Plants of Egypt, i. 57, 167–169; ii.
20-22, 25, 26.

from Pliny, ii. 23, 24, 27-35.
sacred, i. 256.

brought as part of a foreign tri-
bute, i. 57, 395.

number of, in Egypt about 1300,
ii. 26.

producing oil. See Oils.
raised in ancient Egypt, ii. 26.
now grown before and after the
inundation, ii. 21, 22, 25.

wild and indigenous, of the
desert; few introduced into Egypt,
ii. 26.

Plate, or silver, few pieces of Greek
or Roman, ii. 147.
Plaustrum, or travelling carriage,
drawn by two oxen, i. 384, 385.
Plough, ii. 13-16.

light furrows made by the, ii. 14.
oxen and cows yoked to the,

ii. 15.

17.

perhaps shod with metal, ii. 15,

Ploughing the land, ii. 13, 14.

with an ox and an ass, not in
Egypt, ii. 16.

Pointed ball, the principle of the,
known to the Greeks, i. 358.

Pole and bucket, or Shudoof, i. 33, 35,
72. See Shadoof.

Pole-axe, i. 363.

Pomegranate, i. 36, 54, 57, 256.
tree represented, i. 36.

the Rhodon (rose) that gave its
name to Rhodes, ii. 29.

Pompeii, red panels, and "reeds for
columns" painted at, i. 19 21.
Population of Egypt in old times, i.
304, 305.

of the world the same now as of
old, i. 305.

of Alexandria, i. 305.
Porcelain, or glass-porcelain, ii. 66,
70, 71.

of many colours, yellow put on
afterwards, and parts added to, ii.
66.

Porches, i. 9.

Porcupine, i. 216, 225, 228, 246.
Porte, the Sublime, or "High Gate,"
ii. 202.

Potters, ii. 107, 108.

Potter's wheel, ii. 107.
Pottery, &c., used for writing upon,
ii. 99.

Coptic names for different
kinds of, ii. 107.

of modern Egypt has succeeded
to that of old time, ii. 107.

Egyptian, far inferior in taste

to that of Greece, ii. 109.

Poulterers, ii. 184, 185.
Poultry. See Cocks and hens.
Pounders, ii. 165, 166.

used stone mortars, ii. 165, 166.
Pount, Asiatic people of, i. 336.
Power of Egypt, i. 308, 418; ii. 263.
Precious stones imitated in glass, ii.
60, 63.

cut with the diamond, ii. 67.
metals formerly used, ii. 245.
amount of, in old times, ii. 247.

See Gold, Wealth.

Preserves, or covers, i. 37, 215.
Prevention of crime in youth a mo-
dern suggestion, ii. 215.

Priest, each, had one wife, i. 5; ii.
224.

Priestesses, i. 316, 317. See Women,
holy.

Priesthood kept up their influence

partly by pomp and ceremonies, i.
267.

Priests, worldly possessions of the,

i. 7.

the law was in the hands of the,
i. 311.

and military class had the highest
rank, i. 316.

of various grades, i. 316, 319.
of the King, i. 316.

dress of the, i. 333, 334.
dressed in fawn (or leopard)
skins, i. 291.

who wore the leopard-skin dress.
See Prophet.

chief, and the prophets called
"Sem," i. 270, 319. Se Prophet.
- enjoyed great privileges, i. 319,
321, 325.

paid no taxes, but had public
allowance of food, &c., i. 319.

321.

initiated into the mysteries, i.

wore the leopard-skin dress
when with the shrines, one of the,
i. 269.
Primitive habits traced long after a
people have been settled, i. 5.

mountains in the desert, i. 228.
Princes, dress of the, i. 311.

lock of hair, the badge of, i. 312;
ii. 322.

in chariots, i. 370.

office of, i. 311, 342, 344.
carried flabella, i. 342, 344.
commanded parts of the army,
i. 342.

Principles of nature, the vivifying
and producing, i. 332, 333.
Prisoners of war, i. 373, 416.

treatment of, i. 406, 410.
employment of, i. 416.
Private life gives an insight into cha-
racter, i. 5, 210.

Prizes for gymnastic exercises, cattle,
dresses, and skins, i. 210; ii. 52.
Procession of the ark of Sokari, i. 284,
285.

at the King's coronation, i. 272,

273.
Processions, order of, from Clemens,
i. 274.

Professions, only two, i. 311; ii. 1.
Prophet clad in the leopard-skin

dress, he was called "Sem," i. 270,
275, 284, 319, 320, 324.
Prophet, duty of the, i. 319.
Proportion understood by the Egyp-
tians, but particularly by the
Greeks, and now by the Italians,

ii. 293.

Prostration before great people, i.
58; ii. 203.

Psagde, ointment, i. 259; ii. 342.
Psalms of David, some written after
the captivity, ii. 251.
Psammitichus, Psammaticus, or Psa-
matik, court for Apis of, i. 290.
"Pshent," double crown called, i. 269;
ii. 323. See Crown.

Pthah, the creative power, i. 327.
Memphis the city of, i. 331.
9 accompanied by the figure of
Truth, i. 327.

Pthah-Sokari-Osiris, i. 204.

boat of, i. 284, 285.

Ptolemies, titles of some of the, in a
deed, ii. 220.

tyranny of the, ii. 229.
corruptions under the later, ii.

232.
Pullies known in Egypt, but may not
have been used in boats, ii. 130,
131.

Pump, ii. 318.

Punishment of the offending member,
ii. 214, 217.

See Prevention of crime.
for adultery, ii. 210. See Murder.
Punishments. See Bastinado.

military, i. 418; ii. 210.

with the corbag whip and the
bastinado, i. 240, 418.

commutation of, ii. 209.

of great men now in Egypt, ii.
212.

of public weighers, notaries,
shopkeepers, forgers, and others,
for fraud, ii. 214, 217.
Pyramid, granite casing of the Third,
ii. 292.

pent roof construction over en-
trance-passage of the Great, ii. 303.
Pyramidal, or sloping, line, and in
rock temples, ii. 298.
Pyramids, f. 307.

during the inundation (vignette
G), i. 302.

tombs near the. See Tombs.

dimensions of the, ii. 256.

claim of superiority of brick

over stone, ii. 304.

429

Pyramids, arches of crude brick, ii.
301-303.

of Gebel Berkel in Ethiopia, ii.
301, 304.

the oldest monuments, ii. 287.

Quails, numerous, i. 234.

Quarry, mode of beginning a, ii. 303,
306.

Quarries of Syene, ii. 309, 311.
Quartz veins broken up for gold, ii.
141.

Queens, sceptre of, i. 276.

held priestly offices, i. 317.
Quiver, mode of carrying the, i. 314.

Rahab, an instrument of one string,
i. 125.

Rain, very little, in Egypt, i. 7; ii.
250.

falls occasionally, and signs of
heavy rain at the tombs of the
Kings, at Thebes, ii. 250.
Raphanus, or figl, i. 167; ii. 23, 30.
among the offerings, i. 259.
gives an oil, ii. 23, 30.
Rebo, an Asiatic people, i. 393-395.
chosen as the type of Asia, i.

394.

Reclining, not an Egyptian custom,
i. 58.

Red paint on walls, censured by Vi-
truvius, i. 19.

Sea, ports on the, ii. 235-237.
Religion of Egypt, system of the, i.
326, 327.

changes in the, i. 329, 330, 332.
doctrines of the, i. 327.

abuses crept into the, i. 326.
a Pantheism rather than a Poly-
theism, i. 328.

had no mixture of Sabæism, i.
328.

subjects connected with, i. 257-
301, 313-334. See Sacred.
Remeses II., or the Great, i. 308, 392,
396, 401, 403, 418.

name of Sesostris transferred
from an older king to, i. 307.
Remeses III., pavilion of, i. 73 (Vig-
nette C, 401).

-, treasury of, i. 155.

the

probably the same as
Rhampsinitus of Herodotus, i. 155.
change in the sculptures, in the
reign of, ii. 273.

conquests of, i. 308, 394, 398, 401,

418.

Remeses III., naval fight in reign of,
i. 406, 410.

playing at draughts, i. 191-193.
Reptiles of Egypt, i. 252, 253.
fabulous, i. 253.

Rhampsinitus probably the same as
Remeses III., i. 155.

-, story of the daughter of, i. 299.
-, treasury of, i. 15, 155.

strength of the trap set in the,
ii. 182.

Rhyton, or drinking-cup, i. 153, 154.
in form of a cock's head, i. 153.
Ring-finger, third of the left hand,
ii. 337.

Rings, ii. 336, 339, 341.

Robbers, chief of the, a man of in-
tegrity, like their modern Shekh, ii.
216.

Romans, state of Egypt under the, ii.

233.

Roof of houses of palm branches and
mud, i. 7; ii. 280, 281.

i. 7.

they slept in summer on the,

and floors of palm-tree beams,
i. 18.
Roofs vaulted, i. 18; ii. 301, 302, 303.
Ropes of flax and date fibres, and of

twisted leather, ii. 93.

Rose, or rhodon. See Pomegranate.
Rot-n-n, a people of Asia, i. 153,
395-397.

women of the, i. 397, 398, 416.
tribute of the, i. 397.

mentioned with Nahrayn, or
See Gloves.

Mesopotamia, i. 397.

vases of the, i. 153.

brought bitumen to Egypt,

called zift, i. 397.

Rudders of boats, ii. 125, 129.

- monolith, ii. 55, 309, 310.
Saïte Dynasty, Kings, i. 309.
Salt sometimes excluded from the
tables of the priests, i. 324.
Sandals of the priests, i. 335.

of women and others, ii. 331-333.
Sands, error respecting the great en-
croachment of the, i. 306.
Sandstone generally used after the
12th dynasty, ii. 306.

Supt, "the chosen part," i. 264.
Saracenic architecture, progress of,
ii. 305.

gave us the pointed arch, ii. 305.
Sarapeum of Memphis discovered, i.

292.

Sarapis, temple of, i. 292.
Sarcophagi, ii. 397, 598.
Sarcophagus, ii. 368, 374.
Satan, the Manichæan, i. 330.
Saviour, portrait of the, ii. 198.
Saw, ii. 113, 114, 118.

Sawing, mode of, ii. 114, 118.

Saxon, Norman, and Lombard styles,
ii. 305.

Scales for weighing, ii. 136.

gold, ii. 151, 152.
Scarabæi, ii. 341, 395, 397.
Scarabæus, or beetle, i. 255.
Sceptre hereditary, i. 310.

of Queens, i. 276.

Sceptres of Osiris, i. 257, 266; ii. 381.
Science in Egypt advanced by the
effects of the Nile, ii. 248-250.

already advanced in time of
Menes, ii. 251, 287.

had a helmet with horns, i. 390.
Shart, a people of northern Arabia,
i. 396.

name of the Red Sea, i. 396.
Shaved their beards, priests, ii. 327.
their whole body, ii. 327.
heads of children, ii. 328.

Sheaves bound up, ii. 47.
Shekel, meaning weight, ii. 148.
Sheep, fear of diminishing the stock
of, i. 166.

large flocks of, i. 166; ii. 172.
valuable for their wool, i. 166.

431

Shepherds, invasion of the, i. 111, 307.
invasion and their expulsion, i.

307, 308.

music dated before the, i. 111.
Shepherds hated in Egypt, ii. 168,
169.

caricatured in the paintings, ii.
169, 175.

care of breeds of sheep by the,
ii. 172.

177.

gave account of the stock to the
scribes, ii. 176.

Sheshonk (Shishak) took Jerusalem,
i. 308, 340.

i. 308, 330, 340.

Shield of the Egyptians, i. 345.

battlements in the form of the,

i. 23, 408.

used as an umbrella, i. 73, 75.
boss of the, i. 349.

347.

form and handle of the, i. 345,

slung at the back, i. 346, 347.

concave form of the, i. 347.

covered with hide, i. 345.

a light kind of, perhaps foreign,
i. 348.

a large kind of, i. 349.
Shields of the Egyptians used by the
Greeks for firewood, i. 345.

made of hide of hippopotamus
and crocodile, i. 240.

Shinar (Shingar, Sinjar), tribute from,

i. 397.

Ships of war, i. 411-413; ii. 130.

rigging of, i. 412, 414; ii. 130.
of Sesostris in the Arabian Gulf,
i. 411; ii. 133.

of great size, ii. 131, 132.
originally mere rafts, ii. 132.
Shishak pillaged temple of Jerusalem,
i. 308, 340. See Sheshonk.
Shoemakers and curriers, ii. 103.
Shops, ii. 103, 184.

name and occupation of the
owner put up over, ii. 105.
"Shrine of King Ptolemy," i. 268.
Shrines, or arks, or sacred boats, i.
267-272, 284, 285.

procession of, i. 267–270.
golden, i. 268.

Sieges of fortified towns, i. 387-390.
Sieves of string, the oldest of rushes,

ii. 95.

Sift. See Zift."