JACQUINIA-JAGUAR.

plants, consisting of herbs or subshrubs: Order, Convolvulaceæ.

JACQUINIA, ja-kwi'ne-a, s. (in honour of James Nic. Jos. de Jacquin, Professor of Botany at Vienna.) A genus of plants: Order, Sapotacex. JACTANCY, jak'tan-se, s. (jactantia, Lat.) A boasting.-Obsolete.

JACTITATION, jak-te-ta'shun, s. (jactatio, Lat.) A tossing of the body; restlessness; heaving. In Law, a false boasting. The word is commonly used with reference, 1st, to marriage; 2nd, to the right to a seat in a church; 3rd, to tithes. Jactitation of marriage, the boasting or giving out by a party that he or she is married to some other, whereby a common reputation of their matrimony may ensue. Jactitation of a right to a seat in a church appears to be the boasting by a man that he has a right or title to a pew or sitting in a church to which he has legally no title. Jactitation of tithes, the boasting by a man that he is entitled to certain tithes, to which he has legally no title.-Reg. Eccl. Law, 482.

JACULATE, jak'u-late, v. a. (jaculor, Lat.) To dart.

JACULATION, jak-u-la'shun, 8. The act of throwing missive weapons.

So hills amid the air encounter'd hills, Hurl'd to and fro with jaculation dire.-Milton. JACULATORY, jak'u-lay-tur-e, a. Darting or throwing out; uttered, as short sentences. JADE, jade, s. (derivation doubtful.) A horse of no spirit; a hired horse; a worthless nag; a mean woman; a word of contempt, noting sometimes age, but generally vice; a young woman, in irony or slight contempt. In Mineralogy,-see Nephrite; -v. a. to tire; to harass; to dispirit; to weary; to crush; to overbear; to degrade; to employ in mean offices; to rule with tyranny;-v. n. to lose spirit; to sink.

JADERY, ja'dur-e, &. The tricks of a jade.
JADISH, ja'dish, a. Vicious; bad; like a jade;
When once the people get the jadish trick
O' throwing off their king, no ruler's safe.-
unchaste; incontinent.
JÆRA, je'ra, 8.
Isopoda.

Southern.

A genus of Crustaceans: Order,

JAG, 8. A denticulation; a tooth of a saw.
JAGG, Botany, a cleft or division.
JAGER.-See Lestris.

In

JAH-JAMES.

A prisoner; one who has

JAH, ja, s. (Hebrew.) Jehovah. JAIL, jale, s. (geole, Fr.) A prison; a building or place for the confinement of persons arrested for debt or for crime. JAILBIRD, jale'burd, s. been confined in prison. JAILER, ja'lur, s. The keeper of a prison. JAILFEVER, jale'fe-vur, s. A contagious fatal fever generated in jails and other places crowded with people.

JAINS, jayns, s. A sect, or rather race, of JOINUS, joyn'us, Hindoos, who dissent from the established faith of Brahminism, and deny the authority of the Vedas; they believe in the eternity of the material world, and in that of the minds of men and other animals, and deny the existence of any Supreme Being.

JAKES, jakes, s. A house of office or back house; a privy.

JALAMUS, jal'a-mus, s. In Antiquity, a kind of mournful song used upon the occasion of death, or any other affecting occurrence. JALAP, jal'lup, s.

The name of a well-known purgative obtained from the root of the plant Ipomoea Jalapa, a native of Jalapa in South Americahence the name.

JALAPIC, jal'lup-ik, a. Pertaining to jalap. JALAPINE, jal'la-pine, s. The supposed base of jalap.

JAM, jam, s. A conserve of fruits boiled with sugar and water; a kind of frock for children;—v. a. (jem, a press, Rus.) to press; to wedge in; to tread hard or make firm by treading.

JAMAICA, ja-maʼka, a. Pertaining to the island of Jamaica. Jamaica dogwood, the plant Piscidia erythrina. Jamaica rose,-see Meriania. Jamaica ebony, the plant Amerimnum ebenus, a native of the West Indies. Jamaica milkwood, a species of the bread-nut, Brosimum alicastrum, a native of Jamaica.

JAMAICA ALSPICE, ja-ma'ka awl'spise, s. Pimenta, or Jamaica pepper, the highly aromatic berries of the plant Euginea pimenta: Order, Myrtaceæ. JAMANA, or SPAR-WING.-See Parra. JAMASINA, jam-a-si'na, s. A vegetable alkaline principle obtained from the bark of Geoffroya Jamaicensis, or Cabbage-bark tree. JAMB, jam, s. (jambe, Fr.) In Architecture, a supporter; the sidepiece or post of a door; the side piece of a fireplace.

JAMBEE, jam-be', s. A name formerly given to a fashionable cane.

Sir Timothy, yours is a true jambee, and esquire Empty's only a plain dragon. This virtuosa has a parcel of jambees now growing in the East Indies.-Tatler. JAMBEUX, jam'buze, s. Armour for the legs.

Obsolete.

One for his legs and knees provided well,
With jambeux arm'd, and double plates of steel.-
Dryden.

JAMBOLANA, jam-bo-laʼna, s. One of the names of
the Java plum-tree, or the Jambolan syzygium
-the Syzygium jambolanum of De Candole :
Order, Myrtaceæ.
JAMBOSA, jam-bo'za, s. (altered from shambu, the
Malayan name of one of the species.) A genus
of plants: Order, Myrtaceæ.

JAMES, jamze, s. The name of one of the epistles contained in the New Testament, the canonical authority of which has been inuch disputed. Euse

3

JAMESONITE-JANUARY.

bius places it among the antilegomenai; it was also rejected by Luther. JAMESONITE, ja'me-so-nite, s. (in honour of Prof. Jamieson of Edinburgh.) A mineral of a steelgrey colour, occurring massive, and crystalized in four-sided oblique prisms. Its constituents are sulphur, 22.34; lead, 40.00; lead, with a trace of iron and zinc, 0.18; copper, 0.14; iron, 2.64; antimony, 34.26: sp. gr. 5.56. H=2-2.5. JAMSORADE, jam'so-rade, s. The Rose-apple; the Indian tree Jambosa vulgaris.

JANCA-TREE, jang'ka-tre, s. One of the names of the Poison-wood, or White Candle-wood Amyris; the Amyris foxifera of Wildenow. The fruit hangs in bunches, of the shape of a pear, and of a purple colour.

JANE, jane, 8. A coin of Genoa; a kind of fustian. JANGLE, jang'gl, v. n. (zanken, Germ.) To quarrel in words; to altercate; to bicker; to wrangle;v. a. to cause to sound discordantly;

E'er monkish rhymes

Had jangled their fantastic chimes.-Prior. -8. (old French,) prate; babble; discordant scund.

JANGLER, jang'gl-ur, s. A wrangling noisy fellow. JANGLING, jang'gl-ing, s. A noisy dispute; a wrangling.

JANIA, ja'ne-a, s. A genus of corals, in which the branches are more slender, and the articulations less cretaceous than in Amphiroea: Family, Cellularii.

JANIPHA, jan'e-fa, s. (janipaba, its name in Brazil.) A genus of plants: Order, Euphorbiacea. JANIRA, ja-ni'ra, s. A genus of Crustaceans: Order, Decapoda.

JANITOR, jan'e-tur, s. (Latin.) A doorkeeper; a porter. In Anatomy, the pylorus at the entrance of the intestine.

JANITRIX, jan'e-triks, s. In Anatomy, the vena porta.

JANIZARIAN, jan-e-za're-an, a. Pertaining to the Janizaries.

A

JANIZARY, jan'e-zar-e, s. (yeniskeri, Turk.) soldier of the Turkish foot guards. JANSENISM, jan'sen-izm, s. The doctrines of Jansen, in regard to free-will and grace. JANSENIST, jan'sen-ist, s. One of a denomination

of Roman Catholics in France, who followed the opinions of Jansen, bishop of Ypres, and formed a considerable party in the latter part of the seventeenth century. The Jansenists were Calvinistic in many of their tenets, and in several respects approximated to the Reformed opinions. JANT,jant, v. n. To ramble here and there; to JAUNT, make an excursion;-8. an excursion; a ramble; a short journey.

JANTHINA, jan-thi'na, s. (ianthon, violet colour, Gr.) | A genus of gastropod Mollusca, so named on account of the beautiful violet colour of the shell, which is light and fragile.

JANTILY, jan'te-le, ad. Briskly; airily; gayly. JANTINESS, jan'te-nes, s. Airiness; flutter; brisk

ness.

JANTY, jan'te, a. Airy; showy; fluttering; finical.

This sort of woman is a janty slattern; she hangs on her clothes, plays her head, and varies her posture.Spectator.

JANUARY, jan'u-ar-e, s. (januarius, Lat.) The first month of the year according to the present computation. At the foundation of Rome, March

JANUS-JAR.

was considered the first month. It is represented by the sign Aquarius (~) through which the sun travels this month.

JANUS, ja'nus, s. A Latin deity, originally the same as the Sun. He was represented with two faces looking opposite ways, and holding a key in one hand, and a staff in the other. He presided over the commencement of all undertakings, whence the first month of the year was named after him. His temple in Rome was kept open in the time of war, and shut in time of peace. JAPAN, ja-pan', s. A name given to work varnished and figured in the manner practised by the natives of Japan. Japan earth, or terra japanica, a drug principally prepared from the external coloured part of the wood of the plant Acacia catchu. Japan varnish-tree, the varnish bearing sumach, the Rhus vernicifera of De Candolle;v. a. to varnish in the manner of the Japanese; to black and gloss, as in blacking shoes or boots. JAPAN ALSPICE, ja-pan' awl'spise, 8. The Chimonanthus fragrans, a shrubby plant, a native of Japan, the fruit of which resembles that of the Alspice-tree, Myrtus pimenta.

JAPAN COPPER, ja-pan' kop'pur, s. Copper cast into small ingots for exportation, chiefly for the East Indies.

JAPANESE, jap-a-neze', a. Pertaining to Japan or its inhabitants;-s. a native of Japan, or the language of the inhabitants.

JAPAN INK, ja-pan' ink, s. A superior kind of black writing ink, generally glossy when dry. JAPANNER, ja-pan'nur, s. One who varnishes in the manner of the Japanese; a shoeblacker. JAPANNING, ja-pan'ning, s. The art of varnishing and drawing figures on wood and other material. JAPE, jape, v. n. (geipa, Icelan.) To jest;

To japen he began,-Chaucer.

-v. a. (geap, Sax.) to cheat; to impose upon; -s. a jest; a trick.-Obsolete.

He had a jape of malice in the dark.—Chaucer. JAPER, ja'pur, 8. A jester.-Obsolete.

After this cometh the sinne of japers, that ben the devil's apes.-Chaucer.

JAPHETIC, ja-fet'ik, a. Pertaining to Japheth, the eldest son of Noah, as the Japhetic nations, which people the north of Asia and all Europe. JAPONIC ACID, ja-ponik as'sid, 8. An acid obtained from catechine, when exposed to the air with caustic alkalies. Formula, C12, H4 + aq. That of the japonate of silver is C24, H8, 08 + Ago.

JAPYDES, ja-pi'des, s. A people who dwelt along the coast of the Adriatic, from the gulf of Quarnero as far as Zara, the ancient Jadera. JAR, jăr, v. n. To strike together with a kind of short rattle; to strike untunably or harshly; to strike discordantly; to clash; to interfere; to act in opposition; to be inconsistent; to quarrel; to dispute; to clash in words; to vibrate regularly; to repeat the same sound;-v. a. to shake; to cause to tremble; to cause a short tremulous motion in a thing;-8. a kind of rattling vibration of sound; a shake; a harsh sound; discord; clash of interests or opinions; collision; debate; the state of a door half open, or ready to move and strike the post; repetition of the noise made by the pendulum of a clock ;-(jarra, jarro, Span.) a vessel with a large belly and broad mouth, made

JARBLE-JASPERATED.

of earth or glass; a certain measure, as a jar of oil.

JARBLE, järʼbl,) v. a. To bemire.-Local.-OlJAVEL, jav'il, solete. JARDES, zhards, s. (French.) Callous tumors on the leg of a horse, below the bend of the ham on the outside.

JARDON, jăr'dun, s. (French.) In Farriery, an old obsolete term for a swelling under the point of the hock.

JARGLE, jăr'gl, v. n. To emit a shrill or harsh sound. Obsolete.

Pertaining to the mine

Whose jargling sound might rock her babe to rest. -Bp. Hall. JARGON, jár gun, s. (French.) Unintelligible talk; gabble; gibberish; cant In Mineralogy, one of the varieties of Zircon. JARGONELLE, jar-go-nel', s. (French.) A large variety of the pear. JARGONIC, jar-gon ́ik. a ral Jargon. JARL, jărl, s A word of Scandinavian extraction, signifying noble; applied in the early history of the northern European kingdoms to the lieutenants or governors appointed over each province. JARRING, jar'ring, s. A shaking; discord; dispute. JASEY, ja'se, s. (supposed to be corrupted from Jersey, where first made.) A worsted wig, and in some places a colloquial term for a wig. JASIONE, jas'e-o-ne, s. (Greek name of a wild potherb now unknown.) A genus of plants, consisting of dwarf herbs, with the habits of Scabiosa: Order, Campanulaceæ.

JASMINACEA, jas-me-na'se-e, s. (jasminum, one of the genera.) An order of Exogenous plants, consisting of shrubs, generally with twining stems, having opposite or alternate leaves; flowers opposite, in corymbs, white, or yellow, often sweetscented; calyx persistent, with five to eight divisions; corolla monopetalous, hypogynous, regular, hypocrateriform, with five to eight divisions, which lie laterally upon each other; stamens two, arising from the corolla, and inclosed within its tube; ovary two-celled and two-lobed; style one; stigma two-lobed; fruit either a double berry or capsule. The plants of this order are chiefly inhabitants of tropical India: fragrance is their predominating property, and the jasmine has for ages been the favourite of the poets and the people. JASMINE, jasmine, s. The common name of plants of the genus Jasminum. Cape jasmine,- -see

Gardenia.

JASMINE-WORTS, jas'min-wurts, s. pl. A name given by Lindley to the plants of the order Jasminaceæ.

JASMINUM, jas-mi'num, 8. (derived by Linnæus from ia, a violet, and osme, smell, Gr.; the scent of the flowers, however, have no resemblance to that of the violet. Forskoel says that the Arabians call it ysmyn.) Jasmine, a genus of plants, usually twining shrubs, with white or yellow flowers: Type of the order Jasminaceæ. JASPER, jas'pur, s. A siliceous mineral of various colours, and capable of being highly polished; the colours are generally owing to the presence of the oxide of iron, &c. It is commonly found in rocks of volcanic origin.

JASPERATED, jas'pur-ay-ted,.a. Mixed with jasper; containing particles of jasper.

JASPERY-JEALOUSLY.

JASPERY, jas'pur-e, a. Having the qualities of
jasper.
JASPIDEAN, jas-pe-de'an, a. Like jasper.

JASPONYX, jas po-niks, s. The purest horn-coloured
onyx, or simply striped ribbon jasper.
JASSA, jas'sa, s. A genus of crustacea: Order,
Amphipoda.

JASSAMINE.-See Jasmine.

JASSUS, jas'sus, s. A genus of Hemipterous insects: Family, Cicadariæ.

JATROBELLA, jat-ro-bel'la, s. A name given by Blainville to the genus Sanguisuga.

JATROPHA, jat'ro-fa, s. A genus of plants of the natural order Euphorbiaces.

JATROPHIC, ja-trof ́ik, a. Pertaining to jatropha. JAUNCE, jans, v. n. (jancer, Fr.) To bustle; to jaunt.-Obsolete.

Shaks.

Spurgall'd and tir'd by jauncing Bolingbroke.— JAUNDICE, jawn'dis, s. (jaunisse, from jaune, yellow, Fr.) In Pathology, a disease characterized by the skin and eyes becoming yellow in colour, and deep coloured evacuations from the bowels. When long protracted, it is called green jaundice; when still more concentrated, it is termed black jaundice. It is occasioned by a diseased state of the bilious organs. JAUNDICED, jan'dist, a. Affected with jaundice; suffused with a yellow colour; prejudiced; seeing. with discoloured organs. JAUTS, jawts, s. A people of Hindostan. JAVANESE, ja-va-neze', a. Pertaining to Java;s. a native of Java. Javanese duck, the aquatic fowl Boschas javanica, a river duck of singular beauty.

JAVEL, jav'il, s. A wandering or dirty fellow.. JAVELIN, jav'lin, s. (javeline, Fr.) A short spear

about five feet and a half long, the shaft of which was of wood, but pointed with steel. JAVILLA, ja-villa, s. The name given in New Grenada to the plant Feuillea javilla. JAW, jaw, s. (joue, the cheek, Fr.) The bones of the mouth in which the teeth are fixed; the mouth; in vulgar language, scolding, wrangling, abusive clamour;-v. n. to scold; to clamour;v. a. to abuse by scolding; to address sarcastically; to taunt.

JAWED, jawd, a. Having jaws; denoting the appearance of two jaws.

JAWFALL, jaw'fawl, s. Depression of the jaw; figuratively, depression of mind or spirits. JAWFALLEN, jaw'fawl-en, a. Depressed in spirits; dejected.

JAWY, jaw'e, a. Relating to the jaws.

The dewlaps and the jawy part of the face.-Gayton JAY.-See Garrulus.

JAZERANT, jazʼur-ant, s. A frock of mail without sleeves, lighter than the hauberk.

JEALOUS, jel'us, a. (jalouse, Fr.) Suspicious; apprehensive of rivalship; uneasy through fear that another has withdrawn or may withdraw from one the affections of a person he loves, or enjoy some good which he desires to obtain; suspicious that we do not enjoy the affection or respect of others; emulous; full of competition; solicitous to defend the honour of; concerned for the character of; suspiciously vigilant; anxiously careful and concerned for; suspiciously fearful. JEALOUSLY, jel'us-le, ad. Suspiciously; with suspicious fear, vigilance, or caution; emulously.

JEALOUSNESS-JENNY.

JEALOUSNESS, jel'us-nes, s. The state of being jealous; suspicion; suspicious vigilance. JEALOUSY, jel'us-e, s. (jalousie, Fr.) That passion or gnawing irritation which haunts the bosom, through the dread of another supplanting the place which we may hold in the affections of another, or the suspicion that it has been transferred to another; suspicious fear, caution, vigilance, or rivalry; an earnest concern or solicitude for the welfare of others; indignation.

Jealousy is the fear or apprehension of superiority.Shenstone. JEAN, jane, s. A cloth made of cotton and wool. JEARS, jeerz, s. Among seaman, an assemblage JEERS, of tackles by which the lower yards of a ship are hoisted or lowered. JEER, jeer, v. n. (scheren, Germ.) To scoff; to deride; to flout; to make a mock of;-v. a. to treat with sooffs or derision;-s. railing language; scoff; taunt; biting jest; gibe; mockery; derision; ridicule with scorn.

JEERER, jeer'ur, s. A scoffer; a railer; a scorner;

a mocker.

JEHOVAH, je-ho'va, s. (Hebrew) The scripture name of the Supreme Being.

JEJUNE, je-joon', a. (jejunus, Lat.) Wanting; empty; vacant; hungry; not saturated; dry; barren; deficient in matter.

JEJUNELY, je-joon'le, ad. Hungrily; in an empty barren manner.

JEJUNENESS, je-joon'nes, s. Poverty; barrenness; dryness; want of matter that can engage the attention.

JEJUNUM, je-ju'num, s. (jejunus, empty, Lat.) The second division of the small intestines, so termed because, when examined after death, it is generally found empty or nearly so. JELLIED, jel'lid, a. Brought to the consistence of jelly.

The kiss that sips

The jellied philtre of her lips.-Cleaveland. JELLY, jel'le, s. (jalea, Span.) The inspissated juice of fruit boiled with sugar; something viscous or glutinous; something of the consistence of jelly; a transparent sizy substance obtained from animal substances by decoction; portable soup. Jelly bag, a bag through which jelly is distilled." JEMIDA, jem'e-da, s. A black officer in the East India company's service having the same rank as lieutenant.

JEMMINESS, jem'me-nes, 8. Spruceness.-Seldom used.

JEMMY, jem'me, a. Spruce.-A vulgar word.
JENNET, jen'nit, s. A small Spanish horse.
The Spanish king presents a jennet,
To show his love.-Prior.

JENNETING, jen'nit-ing, s. (supposed to be corrupted from juneting, an apple ripe in June, or at St. Jean.) A species of early apple.

JENNY, jen'ne, s. A machine for spinning, used in manufactories.

To expose to loss Exposed to danger;

JEOPARDIZE, jepʼpur-dize, v. a. or injury; to jeopard. JEOPARDOUS, jep'pur-dus, a. perilous; hazardous. JEOPARDOUSLY, jep pur-dus-le, ad. With risk or danger.

JEOPARDY, jep pur-de, s. (supposed to be from j'ai
perdu, I have lost, Fr.) Exposure to death; loss
or injury; hazard; danger; peril.
JERBOA.-See Dipus.

JEREMIADE, jer-e-mi'ade, s. (from Jeremiah.)
Lamentation; a tale of sorrow or complaint.
JEREMIAH, jer-e-mi'a, s. The name of one of the
Old Testament prophets, and of the book written
by him.
JER FALCON, Į jer fal'kon, 8. The English name
GYR FALCON, of the Falco islandicus of Latham.
Ger-faut of the French, and Hebog chuyl-dro of
the ancient Britons.

JERK, jerk, v. a. (hræcan, heren, Sax.) To thrust out; to thrust with a sudden effort; to give a sndden pull, twitch, thrust, or push; to throw with a quick, smart motion; to accost eagerly;—(obsolete in the last sense;)

Nor blush, should he some grave acquaintance meet;

But, proud of being known, will jerk and greet.

Dryden. -s. a short, sudden thrust, push or twitch; a striking against something with a short, quick motion; a sudden spring. JERKED, jerkt, ů.

beef.

JERKER, jerk'ur, s.

Cut into pieces and dried, as

One who strikes with a quick,

smart blow. JERKIN, jer'kin, s. A jacket; a short coat; a kind of hawk. Jerkin-head, in Architecture, a term used for a particular feature in a roof when the gable is carried higher than the side wall. JERONOMITES, jer-on'o-mitse, s. A denominaHIERONOMITES, he-ron'o-mitse, S tion given to various orders or congregations of religious persons, otherwise called the Hermits of St. Jerome. JERSEY, jer ze, s. (from the Island so called.) Fine yarn of wool; the finest of wool separated from the rest; combed wool. JERSEY-THISTLE, jer ze-this'sl, s. The plant Centaurea isnardi.

JERUSALEM - ARTICHOKE, jer-u'sa-lem-år 'tetshoke, s. The annual plant Kalianthus tuberosus. Jerusalem-oak, the plant Chenpodium botrys. Jerusalem-sage, or shrubby Phlomis, the Sabiate plant Phlomis fucticosa. Jerusalem-cowslips.— See Pulmonaria.

JERUSALEMITE, je-roo'sa-le-mite, s. A native inhabitant of the ancient city of Jerusalem. JEROINE, jer'oine, s. A base discovered by Simar in Veratrum album. Formula, C60, H45, N2, 03