Hermes, perhaps a mummy-formed | Ichneumon, 504.

god, 456; subsequently identified
with Thoth, ib.
Hermione, town of, 40.
Hermotybies, 483.
Hermus, river, 229.

HERODOTUS, birth of, (B. c. 484,) 1;
contemporary state of Greece, ib.;
period of his travels, 2, and Preface,
xiv.-xxii.; Halicarnassus, its his-
tory, 2; Herodotus removes to Thu-
rium, 3; extent of his travels, ib.,
and Appendix I.; his general in-
formation, 4; previous state of geo-
graphical science, 5; review of his
old age, 10; general simplicity of his
ideas, 14; his map of Asia, 199.
Hesiod, extent of his geographical
knowledge, 7.
Hesperides, 546.

Hestia, an Aegyptian deity, 460.
Hieroglyphics, Aegyptian, 500.
Hillah. See BABYLON.

Ichthyophagi, Babylonian, three tribes
of, 266.

Ichthyophagi, Aethiopian, 523.
Ida, Mount, 217.
Idrias, 237.
Ilissus, river, 67.

Ilium, inhabited by the Aeolians and
Gergithes, 228.

Illyria, scarcely noticed by Herodotus,
136.

Imbros, island of, 106.

INDIA, general description of the India
of Herodotus, 306; morning the
hottest part of the day, ib.; superior
size of the birds and quadrupeds, ib. ;
camels, ib.; dogs, ib.; gold, 307;
cotton-trees, ib.; two nations of In-
dians, ib.

India, Northern, forming the twentieth
satrapy of Herodotus, and identified
with the Punjab, 299; extent of the
satrapy, ib.; Herodotus's account of
the people, 300; enormous ants, ib.;
ant-hills of sand and gold-dust, ib.;
mode of carrying off the gold, ib.;
identification of the people with the
Rajpoots of the Punjab, ib.; Indian
camels, 301; costume of the people,
ib.

India, Southern, identified with Sinde,
307; the most easterly of all the
Asiatic nations, ib.; divided into tribes
who spoke different languages, ib. ;
four tribes mentioned by Herodotus,
ib.; Herodotus's superior and cor-
rect knowledge of India derived from
the report of Scylax, ib. ; great merit
of Scylax, 308; Indian fishermen on
the marshes of the Indus, ib.; iden-
tified with the pulla-fishers of Sinde,
ib.; singular coincidence between
the report of Scylax and that of Lieut.
Wood, 309; nomade Indians or Pa-
daei, 310; killed and ate their sick
relations, ib.; identified with the
barbarous tribes of the deserts of
Sinde, ib.; vegetarian Indians, who
lived chiefly on rice, ib.; identified
with the Hindoos, 311; Calatians,
who ate their parents, ib.; probably
the same as the Padaei, ib.; shame-
less manners and black complexion
of the Indians, 312; probably refer-
red to the Jauts of Rajpootana, ib.
Indian Ocean, monsoon of, 340.
Indus, river, surveyed by Scylax, 198;
pulla-fishers of Sinde, 308.
Interpreters, Aegyptian, caste of, 486.
Inycus, 93.

Io, represented like Isis, 468.

Iolcus, 87.

Ionian Sea, 25; islands in, 90.

Ionians, to be considered as Pelasgians,

596

INDEX.

33; enter Attica, 60; migrate to
Asia Minor, ib.; their twelve cities
in Asia Minor, 217; united in the
Panionian confederacy, 218; mix-
ture of the Ionians with other races,
ib.; worship of the Heliconian Po-
seidon in the Panionium, 219; mis-
cellaneous notices, ib.; sculptures of
Sesostris found in Ionia, 233; iden-
tification of the monument between
Sardis and Smyrna by modern tra-
vellers, 234; its Aegyptian origin
doubted, ib.

Ionian theory concerning the Aegyptian
Delta, 354; settlement near Bubas-
tis, 373.

Ipni, 87.

Irak-Arabi, 251.

Iran, plateau of. See TAURUS.
Irasa, 540.

Is, town of, 263.

Isis, temple of, at Busiris, 374; at
Memphis, 390; confounded by He-
rodotus with Athor, 459; the greatest
Aegyptian goddess, 461, 468; repre-
sented like the Greek Io, ib.; her
temple and festival at Busiris, ib.;
sacrifices to her, 469; variously re-
presented on the monuments, and
often confounded with Athor and
other deities, 476; cows sacred to her,
506. See also OSIRIS.
Ismaris, Lake, 129.
Issedones, 188.

Ister, or Danube, bridged by Darius,
127; its five mouths and equal
stream, 144; five tributaries flowing
into it, ib. ; difficulties in the theory
of Niebuhr and Ideler, ib.; identifi-
cation of the five tributaries, 145;
Herodotus's account of the Ister,
174; causes of its equal stream, ib.;
explanation of Herodotus's descrip-
tion, 175.
Istria, 132.

Italy, singular omission of Rome, 176;
Northern Italy occupied by the Om-
brici and Tyrseni, ib.; Southern Italy
occupied by Greek colonies, 177.

Itanus, 96.

Ithome, town of, 48.

Jaxartes, river. See ARAXES.
Jenysus, 251.

Joseph's Canal, description of, 387,
423.

Jyrcae, on the Ural mountains, 186.

Karoon, river, 268.

Keiroun, Lake. See MOERIS.
Kerkhah, river, 268.

Khem, the generative principle, Aegyp-
tian representation of, 448; identified
with Pan, and especially worshipped

at Mendes, 449; no goats sacrificed,
ib.; Herodotus's statements doubt-
Khiva, 291.
ed, ib.
Khuzistan, 267.
Khorassan, 291.

Kneph, the divine spirit, Aegyptian re-
Kong mountains, 532, 558.
presentation of, 444. See ZEUS.
Kurdistan, mountains of, 244, 252.
Kurds, representing the ancient Ma-
tieni, 284.

Labranda, 221.

Labyrinth, Herodotus's description,
424; erected by the twelve kings,
ib.; its cost, ib.; its twelve courts,
ib; upper chambers visited by He-
rodotus, ib.; lower chambers, tombs
of the twelve kings and sacred cro-
codiles, ib. recent discoveries by
the Prussian Expedition, 425; con-
firmation of Herodotus's statements,
ib.; doubt as to whether it really
included 3000 chambers, 426; the
pyramid probably the place of sepul-
ture, and the Labyrinth the royal
palace, ib.; pyramid at present
known as the Pyramid of Howara,
ib.; discovery of the name of Am-
menemes III., ib.; dimensions and
construction of the pyramid, 427.
Lacmon, Mount, 88.
LACONICA, general description of, 48;

history, 49; Herodotus's account,
ib.; description of the Laconians,
50; rights and privileges of their
kings, ib.; manners and customs of
Lade, island of, 105.
the people, 52; topography, 53.
Lamponium, 227.
Lampsacus, 228.
Laodice, 98.
Laos, 178.
Lasonians, 235.
Larissa, 87, 216.

Laurium, silver mines of, 66.
Lebadeia, 69.
Lebaea, 121.

Lebedos, 233.

Lectos, Cape, 227.
Leleges, 220.

Lemnos, island of, 106.
Leontini, 94.

Lepidotus, 510.

Lepreum, town of, 46.

Lepsius, his discovery relative to pyra-
midal construction, 420.

Leros, island of, 101.

Lesbos, island of, 105.

Leto, temple and oracle of, at Buto,
376; identified with Buto, 450.

Leucas, island of, 91.

Leuce Acte, 132.

Macae, on the banks of the Cinyps, | Mariandic Gulf, 241.

548.
MACEDONIA, difference between Mace-
donia Proper and the Macedonian
empire, 113; general description of
the Macedonian empire, 114; wa-
tered by four rivers - Haliacmon,
Lydias, Axius, Echeidorus, ib.; di-
vided into five districts-Pieria, Ma-
cedonia Proper, Bottiaeis, Mygdo-
nia, Crestonica, ib.; peninsula of
Chalcidice, ib.; eastern frontier
formed by Mount Dysorum, 116;
Herodotus's geography illustrative of
Xerxes's progress, ib.

Machlyes, on the right bank of the
river Triton, 550; Argonautic legend
connected with this locality, 551.
Macistus, 46.

Macrobian Aethiopians, 518; the tall-
est and handsomest of mankind, 526;
Ichthyophagi envoys sent by Cam-
byses, ib.; reply of the king, ib.;
his remarks upon the different pre-
sents sent by Cambyses, ib.; lon-
gevity of the Macrobians, ib.; foun-
tain of exquisite water, like oil, ib.;
prison fetters of gold, 527; sepul-
chres of crystal, ib.; table of the
sun, ib.; Macrobians identified by
Heeren with the Galla and Somauli
tribes, but by Cooley with the Auto-
moli, 528; proofs in favour of the
latter theory, ib.; table of the sun,
an old Aegyptian festival, ib.; re-
semblance between the modern in-
habitants of Sennaar and the ancient
Aegyptians, 529.

Mariandynians, 238.
Maris, river, 179.
Maroneia, 128.
Marsyas, river, 237.
Maspii, 270.

Massagetae, 157, 191; manners and
customs of, 192.
Massalia, 176.
Matiene, 284; Eastern and Western
Matiene mentioned by Herodotus,
ib.; Eastern Matiene identified with
the mountains of Zagros or Kurdis-
tan, ib.; Matieni represented by the
modern Kurds, ib.; Western Mati-
ene in Asia Minor, 285; costume, ib.
Maxyes, wearing a tuft on the right
side of their heads, and daubing
themselves red, 555.
Mecyberna, 118.

MEDIA, 245; general description, 286;
Northern Media, or Atropatene, an-
swering to Azerbijan, ib.; Southern
Media, or Media Magna, answering
to Irak Ajemi, ib.; two capitals,
each named Ecbatana, ib.; Media of
Herodotus, ib.; identified by Ren-
nell with Irak Ajemi, and the Ecba-
tana with Hamadan, 287; identified
by Col. Rawlinson with Azerbijan,
and the Ecbatana with Takhti-Solei-
man, ib.; probably included a large
portion of both provinces, ib.; Ni-
saean plain and horses, 288; Medes
divided into six tribes, 289; anciently
called Arians, ib., 291; costume,"
289; language, ib.

Median empire, ancient extent of, 201.
Medicine, art of, amongst the Aegyp-
tians, 498.

Mediterranean Sea, 19; islands in, 91.
Megara, city of, 57.

Megara, in Sicily, 93.

MEGARIS, general description, 57; He-
rodotus's account, ib.; erroneously
supposed to be the most westerly
point in Greece, ib.; topography, ib.
Megiddo, 249.

Melanchlaeni, occupying Orloff, 181.
Melanippus, shrine of, 43.

Melas, river, 81, 128.

Meliboea, 87.

Melos, island of, 99.

Memnonium at Susa, 268.
Memnonium at Thebes, 434.
Memphis, philosophers of, their theory
concerning the Nile, 360; built by
Menes on a site recovered from the
Nile, 386; its site identified with
that of Mitranieh, 388; celebrated
temple of Hephaestus, or Pthah, ib.;
temenus of Proteus, 389; Phoenician
settlement, 390; temple of Isis, ib.;
temple of Demeter, ib.