...the rational consideration of alternative means to an end and actions determined by convictions of 'the value for its own sake of some ethical, aesthetic, religious or other form of behaviour, independently of its prospects of success'. Relying upon what may be apocryphal asides by...

...to the behaviour of objects and people; and " wertrational" — value rational — which depends on a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of some ethical or other form of behaviour, independently of its prospect of success. A high-technology industry would...

...own rationally pursued and calculated tools; 2 value-rational [wertrational] that is determined by a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of some . . . form of behavior, independently of its prospects of success; 3 affectual (especially emotional),...

...orientation and the "value-rational" orientation: the latter involves the determination of action "by a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of...form of behavior, independently of its prospects of success."59 ently have psychological tendencies to reduce dissonance between value contradictory behavior...

...efficiency In contrast, value rationality, which is antithetical to economic rationality, is "determined by a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of...some ethical, aesthetic, religious or other form of behavior."2 In trying to explain fluctuations in level of political liberalism, social scientists have...

...preconditions and means for the attainment of calculated ends. Behavior is "valuerational" when determined by a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of some ethical, aesthetic, religious, or other behavior independently of prospects of success. Weber goes on to say that other types of social action,...

...and calculated ends" (Weher 1978, p. 24). Value-rational action is "determined hy a conscious helief in the value for its own sake of some ethical, aesthetic, religious, or other form of hehavior, independently of its prospects for success" (pp. 24-25). Affectual action is carried out...

...has appeared empirically in its pure form only rarely. It exists when social action is "determined by a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of...behavior, independently of its prospects of success... Value-rational action always involves 'commands' or 'demands' which, in the actor's opinion, are binding...

...has appeared empirically in its pure form only rarely. It exists when social action is "determined by a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of...behavior, independently of its prospects of success . . . Value-rational action always involves 'commands' or 'demands' which, in the actor's opinion,...

...calculated ends'. The second fits Weber's notion of Value-rational' action: 'that is, determined by a conscious belief in the value for its own sake of...some ethical, aesthetic, religious or other form of behaviour, independently of its prospects of success'.39 As a matter of convenience, we will call self-help...