Manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians

Offerings in Lists. King presenting them in the Temples.
Osymandyas giving an Offering to each Deity

Mode of presenting Incense. Libation of Wine. Various

Offerings. One or Two Censers of Incense

363

- 364

Many Gifts of the same Kind. Cakes like the modern

Fatéereh. Of various Shapes. Wine in Two Cups.

The Mode of representing the Ceremony

365

The Libation poured on all the Offerings, in reality before

they were placed on the Altar. Two chief Vases for Li-

bation. White and Red Wines, Grape Juice, Beer, Milk,

and Oils among the Offerings. Quality of the Offerings - 366

Flowers how presented. Chaplets and Wreaths on the

Altars and placed on the Statues of the Gods. Their

Selection. The Onion, Raphanus, and cucurbitaceous

Plants chosen for their Utility. Their general Use. Re-

presentatives of the Vegetables of Egypt. Importance

attached to Onions

- 368

- 370

Ointment. Mode of anointing Statues of the Gods
Ointment called
called Psagdai. Offerings of Vestments,
deposited in the Temples.

Jewellery, and other Things,

Catalogues of them

Offered also singly to the Gods. Various Emblems also - 372

Public and private Thanksgivings. Each offered according

to his Means or Occupations (vide p. 356.)

· 373

Large Sacrifices. Sistra presented by the Pallacides. An

Emblem supposed to be a Tail

Page

· 375

Men beating themselves before a Mummy; another with

Two of those Emblems. An Offering apparently a Lamp - 376

An uncertain Ceremony or Game. The Egyptian Cere-
monies numerous

- 377

Mode of approaching the Gods. Bowing Postures in the

Presence of a Superior. Libations performed by the

Priests on one or both Knees

Prostration before the Gods unusual. Instances of it in

Ptolemaic Temples only. Artifices of the Ptolemies to

court the Good-will of the Priesthood

Offerings to the Dead

The Relations performed the Services to the Dead, or were

present while they were performed. The Nature of those

Ceremonies

- 383

384

The Priest who officiated was a Pontiff. The Services
long continued to be performed. The Mummies kept in
the House in a Closet. The Offerings

Several Priests attended; not of the Grade of the Pontiffs.

Single Oblations. One of these singular, appears to sig-

nify "the chosen part”

Lamps kept burning. Funeral Oblations.

the Tombs

The Trench around the Altar

[ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors]

Liturgies or Services for the poor Priests paid by Collec-
tions, like our Parish Rates. The Mummies often kept
in the House a long Time, and brought to Table
The VEкpodεLVOV, or Feast in Honour of the Dead. Small
Tables of Offerings deposited in the Tombs
Though Mummies kept, great Care taken to establish their
Right to Burial. Cases of Debt. The Tombs

Kept ready for Sale. Subjects common to all Tombs.

Question, why the Egyptians paid so much Attention to

their Tombs? Some supposed the Soul delighted in their

Appearance. This Idea traced in Plato

Implements of the Occupation of each Person buried

with him. Sometimes all the Figures finished before the

Tomb was sold. Second-hand Tombs and even Mum-

my Cases

Husband and Wife in same Tomb. The Position of their
Statues shows the affectionate Character of the Egyp-
tians. The Preliminaries for purchasing a Tomb. Ne-

́cessity of binding down the Parties by Contract

Form of the Tombs. Upper Rooms and Pits.

with Doors, and sealed

Seals of stamped Clay. Doubts if they were Seals

Tombs built or hewn in the Rock. Few built except about

Memphis. Poor People's Tombs had no upper Rooms - 399

Mummies of Lower Class in a common Repository, and

wrapped in Mats, or coarse Cloths. Some Tombs very