In astronomy, a cluster of fixed stars, not distinguishable from each other, or scarcely visible to the naked eye. NEB-U-LOS I-TY, n. The state of being cloudy or hazy. NEBU-LOUS, a. [L. nebulosus.] 1. Cloudy; hazy. 2. Resembling a small cloud or collection of vapors. NE-CES-SA RI-AN, n. An advocate for the doctrine of philosophical necessity; more properly necessitarian. NECES-SA-RIES, n. plu. Things necessary. NECES-SA-RI-LÝ, adv. 1. By necessity; in such a manner that it cannot be otherwise. 2. Indispensably. 3. By unavoidable consequence. NEC-ES-SA-RI-NESS, A. The state of being necessary. NECES-SA-RY. a. [L. necessarius.] 1. That must be; that cannot be otherwise; indispensably requisite. 2. Indispensable; requisite; essential; that cannot be otherwise without preventing the purpose intended. 3. Unavoidable. 4. Acting from necessity or compulsion; opposed to free.

NECIES-SA-RY, n. A privy.

NE-CES SI-TARI-AN, or NEC-ES-SA RI-AN, n. One who maintains the doctrine of philosophical necessity. NE-CESSI-TATE, v. t. [L. necessitas.] To make necessary or indispensable; to render unavoidable; to compel. NE-CES/SI-TA-TED, pp. Made necessary, indispensable or unavoidable.

NE-CES-SI-TA-TING, ppr. Making necessary or indispens

able.

NE-CES-SI-TATION, n. The act of making necessary; compulsion. [Little used.] Bramhall. NE-CES SI-TIED, 4. In a state of want. Shak. NE-CESSI-TOUS, a. 1. Very needy or indigent; pressed with poverty. 2. Narrow; destitute; pinching.

NE-CES SI-TOUS-NESS, n. Extreme poverty or descitution of the means of living; pressing want. NE-CESSI-TUDE, n. Necessitousness; want. NE-CES SI-TY, n. [L. necessitas.] 1. That which must be and cannot be otherwise, or the cause of that which cannot be otherwise. 2. Irresistible power; compulsive force, physical or moral. 3. Indispensableness; the state of being requisite. 4. Extreme indigence; pinching poverty; pressing need. 5. Unavoidableness; inevitableness. -6. In the plural, things requisite for a purpose.

NECK, n. [Sax. hnece, hnecca, necca; D. nek; Sw.nacke.] 1. The part of an animal's body which is between the head and the trunk, and connects them. 2. A long, narrow tract of land projecting from the main body, or a narrow tract connecting two larger tracts. 3. The long, slender part of a vessel, as a retort; or of a plant, as a gourd. A stiff neck, in Scripture, denotes obstinacy in sin. -On the neck, immediately after; following closely.-To break the neck of an affair, to hinder, or to do the principal thing to prevent. To harden the neck, to grow obstinate. NECK BEEF, 2. The coarse flesh of the neck of cattle, sold at a low price. Swift.

NECK CLOTH, n. A piece of cloth worn on the neck.
NECKED, a. Having a neck; as in stiffnecked.

NECK ER-CHIEF, or NECK'A-TEE, n. A gorget; a ker-
chief for a woman's neck. [Little used.]
NECKLACE, n. A string of beads or precious stones, worn
by women on the neck. Arbuthnot.
NECKLACED, a. Marked as with a necklace.
NECKLAND, n. A neck or long tract of land.
NECK VERSE, n. The verse formerly read to entitle a
party to the benefit of clergy, said to be the first verse of
the fifty first Psalm, "Miserere mei," &c. Tindall.

NECK/WEED, n. Hemp, in ridicule. NEC-RO-LOGI-CAL, a. Pertaining to or giving an account of the dead or of deaths.

NEC-ROL/O-GIST, #. One who gives an account of deaths. NEC-ROL/O-GY, n. [Gr. νεκρός and λογος.] An account of the dead or of deaths; a register of deaths.

NEC RO-MAN-CER, n. One who pretends to foretell future events by holding converse with departed spirits; a

conjurer.

NECRO-MAN-CY, n. [Gr. νεκρος and μαντεια.] 1. The art of revealing future events by means of a pretended communication with the dead. 2. Enchantment; conjuration. NEC-RO-MANTIC, a. Pertaining to necromancy; performed by necromancy.

NEC-RO-MANTIC, n. Trick; conjuration. Young. NEC-RO-MANTI-CAL LY, ade. By necromancy or the black art; by conjuration. Gregory. NEORO-NITE, n. [Gr. νεκρος.] Fetid feldspar. NECROSIS, π. [Gr. νεκρώσις.] A disease of the bones. NECTAR, n. [L.] 1. In fabulous history and poetry, the drink of the gods. 2. Any very sweet and pleasant drink. NEC-TA'RE-AN, NEC-TARE AL, or NEC-TA REOUS, a. Resembling nectar; very sweet and pleasant. Pope. NECTARED, a. Imbued with nectarmingled with nectar; abounding with nectar.

NEC-TARI-AL, a. Pertaining to the nectary of a plant. NEC-TA-RIF ER OUS, a. [nectar, and L. fero.] Producing nectar or nomus. Lee.

NECTA-RINE, a. Sweet as nectar. Milton

NECTA-RINE, n. A fruit, a variety of the peach with a smooth rind.

NECTA-RIZE, v. t. To sweeten. Cockeram.
NECTA-ROUS, a. Sweet as nectar. Milton.
NECTA-RY, n. In botany, the melliferous part of a vegeta
ble, peculiar to the flower.

NED DER, n. [W.nadyr; Sax. nedder.] An adder. NEED, n. [Sax. nead, neod, nyd; D. nood.] 1. Want; occasion for something; necessity; a state that requires supply or relief; pressing exigency. 2. Want of the means of subsistence; poverty; indigence.

NEED, v. t. [Sax. geneadan, genedan.] To want; to lack to require, as supply or relief.

NEED, v. i. To be wanted; to be necessary.

NEEDED, pp. Wanted.
NEEDER, n. One that wants.

NEED FUL, a. Necessary, as supply or relief; requisite.
NEED FOL-LY, adv. Necessarily. B. Jonson.
NEEDI-LY, adv. In want or poverty.
NEEDI-NESS, 2. Want; poverty; indigence.
NEEDING, ppr. Wanting; requiring, as supply or relief.
NEEDLE, n. [Sax. nedl, nædl; G. nadel.] 1. A small in-
strument of steel, pointed at one end, with an eye at the
other to receive a thread; used in sewing. 2. A small
pointed piece of steel used in the mariner's compass,
which by its magnetic quality is attracted and directed to
the pole. 3. Any crystalized substance in the form of a
needle. Dipping needle, a magnetic needle that dips or
inclines downwards.

NEE DLE, v. t. To form crystals in the shape of a needle. NEEDLE, v. i. To shoot in crystalization into the form of needles. Fourcroy.

NEEDLE-FISH, n. A fish of the genus syngnathus. Also, the sea urchin.

NEEDLE-FUL, n. As much thread as is put at once in a needle.

dles.

NEE/DLE-MA-KER, )n. One who manufactures nee-
NEEDLER,
NEEDLE-ORE, Acicular bismuth glance.

NEE/DLE-SHELL, n. The sea-urchin.

NEEDLE-STONE, ». A mineral.

NEEDLE-WORK, n. Work executed with a needle, or the business of a seamstress.

NEEDLE-ZE/O-LITE, n. A species of zeolite.
NEED LESS, a. 1. Not wanted; unnecessary; not requi-
site. 2. Not wanting; [obs.] Shak.
NEEDLESS-LY, adv. Without necessity.
NEEDLESS NESS, 2. Unnecessariness. Locke.
NEED MENT, n. Something needed or wanted.
NEEDS, adv. (Sax. nedes.] Necessarily; indispensably;
generally used with must.

NEEDY, a. Necessitous; indigent; very poor; distressed
by want of the means of living. Addison.
*NE'ER. (nare) A contraction of never.

NEESE, (neez) v. i. [G. nessen.] To sneese. NEESE WORT, n. A plant. Sherwood. † NEESING, #. A sneezing.

NEF, n. The nave of a church. See NAVE. NE-FAND-OUS, a. [L. nefandus.] Not to be named ; abominable. Sheldon.

NE-FA RI-OUS, a. [L. nefarius.] Wicke1 in the extreme; abominable; atrociously sinful or villanous; detestably

vile.

NE-FA'RI-OUS-LY, adv. With extreme wickedness; abom inably. Milton.

NE-GA TION, n. [L. negatio.] 1. Denial; a declaration that something is not.-2. In logic, description by denial, exclusion or exception. 3. Argument drawn from denial. NEG A-TIVE, a. [Fr. negatif; L. negativus.] 1. Implying denial or negation; opposed to affirmative. 2. Implying absence; opposed to positive. 3. Having the power of stopping or restraining.

NEGA TIVE, n. 1. A proposition by which something is denied. 2. A word that denies; as not, no. 3. In legis lation, the right or power of preventing the enaction of a law or decree.

n. 3

NEGA TIVE, r. t. 1. To disprove; to prove the contrary 2. To reject by vote; to refuse to enact or sanction. To resist a choice or what is proposed. NEGA-TIVE-LY, adv. 1. With or by denial. 2. In the form of speech implying the absence of something. 3. Negatively charged or electrified.

NEG A-TO-RY, a. That denies; belonging to negation. [Little used.]

NEGER, ». [L. niger.] A black person; one of the African

race. See NEGRO.

NEG-LECT, v. t. [L.. neglectus.] 1. To omit by carelessness or design; to forbear to do, use, employ, promote or attend to. 2. To omit to receive or embrace; to slight. 3. To slight; not to notice; to forbear to treat with attention or respect. 4. To postpone; (obs.]

NEGLECT, s. 1. Omission; forbearance to do any thing that can be done or that requires to be done. 2. Sight; omission of attention or civilities. 3. Negligence; habitual want of regard. 4. State of being disregarded. NEG-LECTED, pp. Omitted to be done; slighted; disregarded.thing that has lately taken place at a distance, or of something before unknown; tidings. 2. A newspaper. NEWS-MON-GER, n. One that deals in news; one who employs much time in hearing and telling news.

NEG-LECT/ER, n. One that neglects.

NEG-LECT FUL, a. 1. Heedless; careless; inattentive. 2. Accustomed or apt to omit what may or ought to be done. 3. Treating with neglect or slight. 4. Indicating neglect, slight or indifference.

NEG-LECT FUL-LY, adv. With neglect; with heedless inattention; with careless indifference. NEG-LECTING, ppr. Omitting; passing by; forbearing to do; slighting; treating with indifference. NEG-LECTING-LY, adv. Carelessly; heedlessly. Shak. NEG-LECTION, n. The state of being negligent. NEG-LECTIVE, a. Inattentive; regardless of, [L. u.] NEG-LI-GEE', n. A kind of gown formerly worn. NEGLI-GENCE, n. [L. negligentia.] 1. Neglect; omission to do. 2. Habitual omission of that which ought to be done, or a habit of omitting to do things.

NEGLI-GENT, a. 1. Careless; heedless; apt or accustomed to omit what ought to be done. 2. Regardless. NEGLI-GENT-LY, adv. 1. Carelessly; heedlessly; without exactness. 2. With slight, disregard or inattention. NE-GO-TIA BIL I-TY, n. The quality of being negotiable or transferable by indorsement. Sewall. NE-GOTIA-BLE, a. That may be transferred by assignment or indorsement; that may be passed from the owner to another person so as to vest the property in the assignee.

Walsh.

NE-GOTIANT, n. One who negotiates; a negotiator. NE-GO TIATE, v. i. [L. negotior; Fr. negocier.] 1. To transact business; to treat with another respecting purchase and sale; to hold intercourse in bargaining or trade.

2. To hold intercourse with another respecting a treaty, league or convention; to treat with respecting peace or

commerce.

NE-GOTIATE, (ne-gōshate) v. t. 1. To procure by mutual intercourse and agreement with another. 2. To procure, make or establish by mutual intercourse and agreement with others. 3. To sell; to pass; to transfer for a valuable consideration.

NE-GOTIA-TED, pp. Procured or obtained by agreement with another; sold or transferred for a valuable consideration.

NE-GO TIA-TING, ppr. Treating with; transacting busi

ness.

NE-GO-TI-ATION, n. 1. The act of negotiating; the transacting of business in traffick; the treating with another respecting sale or purchase. 2. The transaction of business between nations.

*NE-GO/TIA-TOR, N. One that negotiates; one that treats with others. Swift.

NEGRESS, n. A female of the black race of Africa. NEGRO, n. [It., Sp. negro; L. niger.] One of the black race of men in Africa; or one descended from this race. NEGUS, n. A liquor made of wine, water, sugar, nutmeg and lemon juice; so called, from its first maker, Col. Negus.

NEIF, n. [Icel. nefi.] 1. The neaf or fist. 2. A slave.

NEIGH, (na) .. (Sax. nagan. To utter the voice of a
horse, expressive of want or desire; to whinny.
NEIGH, (nā) n. The voice of a horse; a whinnying.
NEIGHBOR,
NEH BOOR,

(n. [Sax. nehbur, nehgebur; G.
nachbar; D. nabuur; Sw.na-

} (na/bur) {"

bo; Dan. naboe.] 1. One who lives near another. 2. One who lives in familiarity with another; a word of civility. 3. An intimate; a confident; [obs.] 4. A fellow being. Acts vii. 5. One of the human race; any one that needs our help. Luke x. 6. A country that is near.

NEIGHBOR, v. t. 1. To adjoin; to confine on or be near to. 2. To acquaint with; to make near to or make familiar; [obs.] Shak.

NEIGH BOR, To inhabit the vicinity. Davies. NEIGHBOR, a. Near to another; adjoining; next. Jer. i. NEIGHBOR-HOOD, n. 1. A place near; vicinity; the ad ⚫ joining district, or any place not distant. 2. State of being near each other. 3. The inhabitants who live in the vicinity of each other.

NEIGHBOR-ING, a. Living or being near. Paley. NEIGHBOR-LI-NESS, n. State or quality of being neigh

borly.

NEIGHBOR-LY, a. 1. Becoming a neighbor; kind; civil. 2. Cultivating familiar intercourse; interchanging frequent visits; social.

NEIGHBOR-LY, adv. With social civility. NEIGH BOR-SHIP, n. State of being neighbors. NEIGH ING, n. The voice of a horse or mare. Jer. viii. NEITHER, n. compound pronoun, pronominal adjective, or a substitute. [Sax. nather, nathor, nauther, or nouther.] 1. Not either; not the one nor the other. 2. It refers to individual things or persons; as, which road shall I take? Neither. 3. It refers to a sentence; as, "ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it." 4. Neither primarily re

fers to two; not either of two. But by usage it is applicable to any number, referring to individuals separately considered.

NEM. CON. for nemine contradicente. [L.) No one contradicting or opposing, that is, unanimously; without opposition.

NEMO-LITE, n. [Gr. νεμος and λιθος.] An arborized stone. NEM/O-RAL, a. [L. nemoralis.] Pertaining to a wood or grove. Dict.

NEMO-ROUS, a. [L. nemorosus.] Woody. Evelyn.
† NEMP/NE, v. t. [Sax. nemnan.] To call. Chaucer.
NË NI-A, n. [Gr. A funeral song; an elegy.
NEN U-PHAR, n. The water-lily or water-rose.
NE-OD A-MODE, n. [Gr. νεοδαμωδης.] In ancient Greece,
a person newly admitted to citizenship. Mitford.
NE-O-LOGIє, a. Pertaining to neology; employing
NE-O-LOGI-CAL, new words.

NE-OL/O-GISM, n. 1. The introduction of new words or
new doctrines. 2. New terms or doctrines.
NE-OLO-GIST, n. One who introduces new words or new
doctrines, or one who supports or adheres to them. Med.
Repos.

NE-OL/O-GY, n. [Gr. νεος and λογος.] The introduction of a new word, or of new words, or of new doctrines; or a new system of words or doctrines.

NE-O-NOMI-AN, n. [Gr. νεος and νομος.] One who advo-
cates new laws, or desires God's law to be altered.
NEO-PHYTE, n. [Gr. νεος and φυτον.] 1. A new convert
or proselyte. 2. A novice; one newly admitted to the
order of priest. 3. A tyro; a beginner in learning.

NE-O-TERIC, or NE-O-TERI-CAL, α. [Gr. νεωτερικος.]
New; recent in origin; modern.
NE-O-TER/IC, n. One of modern times. Burton.
NEP, n. A plant of the genus nepeta; catmint.
NE-PEN/THE, n. [Gr. νηπενθης.] A drug or medicine that
drives away pain and grief. [Little used.] Milton.

NEPH E-LIN

n.

[Gr. νεφέλη.] A mineral found mixed
with other substances.
neveu; L. nepos.] 1. The son of a
2. A grandson; also, a descendant;

NEPH E-LINE,
NEPHEW, n. [Fr.
brother or sister.
[little used.]
NEPHRITE, n. [Gr. νεφρίτης.] A mineral.

NE-PHRITIє,
1α. [Gr. νεφρίτικος.] 1. Pertaining to
NE-PHRITI-CAL, the kidneys or organs of urine. 2.
Affected with the stone or gravel. 3. Relieving or curing
the stone or gravel, or disorders of the kidneys in general.
NE-PHRITIC, n. A medicine adapted to relieve or cure
the diseases of the kidneys, particularly the gravel or stone
in the bladder.

NEPH-RI-TIS, n. In medicine, an inflammation of the kid

neys.

NE-PHROTO-ΜΥ, π. [Gr. νεφρος and τεμνω.] In surgery, the operation of extracting a stone from the kidney. * NEPO-TISM, n. [Fr. nepotisme.] 1. Fondness for nephews. 2. Undue attachment to relations; favoritism shown to nephews and other relations.

NEP-TU NI-AN, a. [from Neptunus.] 1. Pertaining to the ocean or sea. 2. Formed by water or aqueous solution. NEP-TONI-AN,n. One who adopts the theory that the NEP TU-NIST, whole earth was once covered with water, or rather that the substances of the globe were formed from aqueous solution.

NË RE-ID, n. [Gr. νηρηιδες.] In mythology, a sea nymph. NERFLING, n. A fresh-water fish of Germany. NERITE, n. A genus of univalvular shells. NERI-TITE, n. A petrified shell of the genus nerita. NERVE, (nerv) n. [L. nervus; Fr. nerf.] 1. An organ of sensation and motion in animals. 2. A sinew or tendon. 3. Strength; firmness of body. 4. Fortitude; firmness of mind; courage. 5. Strength; force; authority. NERVE, v. t. To give strength or vigor; to arm with forre. NERVED, pp. 1. Armed with strength.-2. 4. In botans, having vessels simple and unbranched, extending from the base towards the tip.

NERVE'LESS, (nerv'les) a. Destitute of strength; weak. NERVINE, a. [Low L. nervinus.] That has the quality of relieving in disorders of the nerves. NERVINE, n. A medicine that affords relief from disorders of the nerves.

NERVOUS, a. [L. nervosus.] 1. Strong; vigorous. 2. Pertaining to the nerves; seated in or affecting the nerves. 3. Having the nerves affected; hypochondriac; a colloquial use of the word. 4. Possessing or manifesting vigor of mind; characterized by strength in sentiment or style.

NERVOUS, or NERVOSE, a. In botany. See NERVED, NO.2 NERVOUS-LY, ade. With strength or vigor. Wartos. NERVIOUS-NESS, n. 1. Strength; force; vigor. Warton. 2. The state of being composed of nerves. Goldsmith. NERVY, a. Strong; vigorous. Shak. NESCIENCE, (nesh'ens) n. [L. nesciens.] Want of knowl edge; ignorance. Bp. Hall.

NESH, a. [Sax. nesc.] Soft; tender; nice. Chaucer. NESS, a termination of names, signifies a promontory, from the root of nose, which see.

NESS, a termination of appellatives, [Sax. nesse, nysse,] denotes state or quality, as in goodness, greatness. NEST, n. [Sax., G., D. nest.] 1. The place or bed formed or used by a bird for incubation or the mansion of her young until they are able to fly. 2. Any place where irrational animals are produced. 3. An abode; a place of residence; a receptacle of numbers, or the collection itself; usually in an ill sense. 4. A warm, close place of abode; generally, in contempt. 5. A number of boxes, cases, or the like, inserted in each other.

NEST, t. i. To build and occupy a nest. Howell.

NEST EGG, n. An egg left in the nest to prevent the hen from forsaking it. Hudibras.

NESTLE, (nes'l) v. i. 1. To settle; to harbor; to lie close and snug, as a bird in her nest. L'Estrange. 2. Το move about in one's seat, like a bird when forming her

nest.

NESTLE, (nesl) v. t. 1. To house, as in a nest. Donne. 2. To cherish, as a bird her young. Chapman.

NEST LING, . 1. A young bird in the nest, or just taken
from the nest. 2. A nest; [obs.]
NEST LING, 4. Newly hatched; being yet in the nest.
NES-TO RI-AN, R. A follower of Nestorius.

NET, n. [Sax. net, nyt: D., Dan. net.] 1. An instrument for catching fish and fowls, or wild beasts, formed with twine or thread interwoven with meshes. 2. A cunning device; a snare. 3. Inextricable difficulty. Job xviii. 4. Severe afflictions. Job xix.

ΝΕΤ, τ. 1. To make a net or net-work; to knot. Seward. NET, a. [Fr. net; It. netto.] 1. Neat; pure; unadulterated; [l. u.] 2. Being without flaw or spot; [l. u.] 3. Being beyond all charges or outlay. 4. Being clear of all tare and tret, or all deductions; as, net weight. It is sometimes written nett, but improperly.

NET, v. t. To produce clear profit.

NETHER, a. Sax. neother; G. nieder; D., Dan. neder.] 1. Lower; lying or being beneath or in the lower part; opposed to upper. 2. In a lower place. 3. Belonging to the regions below.

NETH ER-MOST, a. Lowest; as, the nethermost hell. NETTING, n. 1. A piece of net-work. 2. A complication of ropes fastened across each other. Mar. Dict.

NET TLE, (netl) n. [Sax. netl, netele.] A plant whose prickles fret the skin and occasion very painful sensations. NETTLE, v. t. To fret or sting; to irritate or vex; to excite sensations of displeasure or uneasiness not amounting to wrath or violent anger.

NETTLED, pp. Fretted; irritated.

NET TLER, n. One that provokes, stings or irritates. NETTLE-TREE, n. A tree of the genus celtis, whose leaves are deeply serrated, and end in a sharp point. Encyc.

NET TLING, ppr. Irritating; vexing.

NETWORK, R. A complication of threads, twine or cords united at certain distances, forming meshes, interstices or open spaces between the knots or intersections; reticulated or decussated work.

NEU-RO-LOGI-CAL, a. Pertaining to neurology, or to a description of the nerves of animals. NEU-ROL/O-GIST, n. One who describes the nerves of animals.

NEU-ROLOGY, n. [Gr. νευρον and λογος.] A description of the nerves of animal bodies, or the doctrine of the

nerves.

NHO ROP-TER, 1 π. [Gr. νευρον and πτερον.] An order NEU-ROPTERA, of insects.

NEU-ROP TE-RAL, a. Belonging to the order of neurop

ters.

NEU/RO-SPAST, n. [Gr. νευροσπασεω.] A puppet.

NEU-ROTIC, α. [Gr. νευρον.] Useful in disorders of the

nerves.

NEU-ROTIC, n. A medicine useful in disorders of the nerves. Encue.

NEU-RO-TOMI-CAL, a. Pertaining to the anatomy or dissection of nerves.

NEU-ROT-O-MIST, n. One who dissects the nerves. NEU-ROTO-MY, π. [Gr. νευρον and τεμνω.] 1. The dissection of a nerve. 2. The art or practice of dissecting

the nerves.

NEC'TER, (nüter) a. [L.] 1. Not adhering to either party; taking no part with either side. It may be synonymous with indifferent, or it may not. The United States remained neuter during the French revolution, but very few of the people were indifferent as to the success of the parties engaged. A man may be neuter from feeling, and he is then indifferent; but he may be neuter in fact, when he is not in feeling or principle.-2. In grammar, of neither gender; an epithet given to nouns that are neither masculine nor feminine.

NEOTER, . 1. A person that takes no part in a contest

between two or more individuals or nations. 2 An animal of neither sex, or incapable of propagation -Neuter verb, in grammar, a verb which expresses an action or state limited to the subject, and which is not followed by

an object; as, I go.

NEUTRAL, a. [Fr. neutre; L. neutralis.] 1. Not engaged on either side; not taking an active part with either of contending parties. 2. Indifferent; having no bias in favor of either side or party. 3. Indifferent; neither very good nor bad.

NEUTRAL, n. A person or nation that takes no part in a contest between others. R. G. Harper. NEUTRAL-IST, n. A neutral. [Little used.] NEU-TRAL/I-TÝ, n. 1. The state of being unengaged in disputes or contests between others; the state of taking no part on either side. 2. A state of indifference in feeling or principle. 3. Indifference in quality; a state neither very good nor evil; [little used.] 4. A combination of neutral powers or states.

NEU-TRAL-I-ZATION, n. 1. The act of neutralizing. 2 The act of reducing to a state of indifference or neutrality. NEUTRAL-IZE, v. t. 1. To render neutral; to reduce to a state of indifference between different parties or opinions. 2. In chemistry, to destroy or render inert or imperceptible the peculiar properties of a body by combining it with a different substance. 3. To destroy the peculiar properties or opposite dispositions of parties or other things, or reduce them to a state of indifference or inactivity.

NEO TRAL-IZED, pp. Reduced to neutrality or indiffer

ence.

NEO-TRAL-IZ-ER, n. That which neutralizes.

NEOTRAL-IZ-ING, ppr. Destroying or rendering inert the peculiar properties of a substance; reducing to indifference or inactivity.

NEUTRAL-LY, adv. Without taking part with either side; indifferently.

NEV'ER, adv. [Sax. nøfre.] 1. Not ever; not at any time; at no time. 2. It has a particular use in the following sentence. "Which will not hearken to the voice of charmers, charming never so wisely." Ps. Iviii. 3. In no degree; not. 4. It is used for not. 5. It is much used in composition; as in never-ending, never-failing.

NEV-ER-THE-LESS, adv. [never, the and less.] Not the less; notwithstanding; that is, in opposition to any thing, or without regarding it.

NEW, a. [Sax. neow; D. nieuw; G. neu.] 1. Lately made, invented, produced or come into being; that has existed a short time only; recent in origin; novel; opposed to old. 2. Lately introduced to our knowledge; not before known; recently discovered. 3. Modern; not ancient. 4. Recently produced by change. 5. Not habituated; not familiar; unaccustomed. 6. Renovated; repaired so as to recover the first state. 7. Fresh after any event. 8. Not of ancient extraction or a family of ancient distinetion. 9. Not before used; strange; unknown. 10. Recently commenced; as, the new year. 11. Having passed the change or conjunction with the sun. 12. Not cleared and cultivated, or lately cleared; as, new land. America. 13. That has lately appeared for the first time.-New is much used in composition to qualify other words; as in new-born, new-made.

NEW, v. t. To make new. Gower.

NEWEL, n. 1. In architecture, the upright post about which are formed winding stairs, or a cylinder of stone formed by the end of the steps of the winding stairs. 2. Novelty; [obs.] Spenser.

NEW-FANGLE, v. t. To change by introducing novelties. Milton.

NEW-FANGLE, or NEW-FAN'GLIST, n. One desirous of novelty. Tooker.

NEW-FAŃGLED, a. [new and fangle.] New-made; formed with the affectation of novelty; in contempt. NEW-FAN GLED-NESS,n. Vain or affected fashion or NEW-FANGLE-NESS, form. Sidney. NEW-FASHIONED, a. Made in a new form, or late'y come into fashion.

NEW ING, B. Yeast or barm. Ainsworth. NEWISH, a. Somewhat new; nearly new. Bacon. NEW LY, adr. 1. Lately; freshly; recently. 2. With a new form, different from the former. 3. In a manner not existing before.

NEW-MOD EL, r. t. To give a new form to. NEW-MODELED, a. Formed after a new model. NEW-MODEL-ING, ppr. Giving a new form to. NEW NESS, . 1. Lateness of origin; recentness; state of being lately invented or produced. 2. Novelty; the state of being first known or introduced. 3. Innovation recent change. 4. Want of practice or familiarity. 5. Different state or qualities introduced by change or regen

NEWS/PA-PER, n. A sheet of paper printed and distributed for conveying news; a public print that circulates

news.

NEWT, n. A small lizard; an eft. Encyс. NEW-TO NI-AN, a. Pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or formed or discovered by him.

NEW-TONI-AN, พ. A follower of Newton in philosophy.

NEW-YEAR'S GIFT, n. A present made on the first day of the year.

NEXI-BLE, a [L. nezibilis.] That may be knit together. NEXT, a superl. of nigh. [Sax. nezt, or nezsta, from neh, near, nigh.] 1. Nearest in place; that has no object intervening between it and some other; immediately preceding, or preceding in order. 2. Nearest in time. 3. Nearest in degree, quality, rank, right or relation.

NEXT, adv. At the time or turn nearest or immediately succeeding.

NIAS, for an eyas, a young hawk. B. Jonson.

NIB, n. [Sax. neb, nebb.] 1. The bill or beak of a fowl. 2. The point of any thing, particularly of a pen. See NEB.

NIBBED, a. Having a nib or point.

NIBBLE, v. t. 1. To bite by little at a time; to eat slowly or in small bits. 2. To bite, as a fish does the bait; to carp at; just to catch by biting.

NIBBLE, v. i. 1. To bite at; as, fishes nibble at the bait. 2. To carpat; to find fault; to censure little faults.

NIBBLE, n. A little bite, or seizing to bite.
NIBBLER, n. One that bites a little at a time; a carper.
NIBBLING, ppr. Biting in small bits; carping.

NICE, a. [Sax. nesc, or hnesc.] 1. Properly, soft; whence, delicate; tender; dainty; sweet or very pleasant to the taste. 2. Delicate; fine. 3. Accurate; exact; precise. 4. Requiring scrupulous exactness. 5. Perceiving the smallest difference; distinguishing accurately and minutely by perception. 6. Perceiving accurately the smallest faults, errors or irregularities; distinguishing and judging | with exactness. 7. Over scrupulous or exact. 8. Delicate; scrupulously and minutely cautious. 9. Fastidious; squeamish. 10 Delicate; easily injured. 11. Refined. 12. Having lucky hits; [obs.] 13. Weak; foolish; effeminate; [obs.] 14. Trivial; unimportant. To make nice, to be scrupulous. Shak.

NICE LY, adv. 1. With delicate perception. 2. Accurately; exactly; with exact order or proportion.-3. In colloquial language, well ; cleverly; dextrously; handsomely; in the best manner.

NICENE, a. Pertaining to Nice, a town of Asia Minor. NICE/NESS, n. 1. Delicacy of perception; the quality of perceiving small differences. 2. Extreme delicacy; excess of scrupulousness or exactness. 3. Accuracy; mi

nute exactness.

NICE-TY, n. 1. Niceness; delicacy of perception. 2. Excess of delicacy; fastidiousness; squeamishness. 3. Minute difference. 4. Minuteness of observation or discrimination; precision. 5. Delicate management; exactness in treatment.-6. Niccties, in the plural, delicacies for food; dainties.

NICHAR, n. A plant. Miller.

NICHE, n. [Fr. niche: Sp., Port. nicho.] A cavity, hollow, NICH, or recess within the thickness of a wall, for a statue or bust. Pope.

NICK, n. In the northern mythology, an evil spirit of the waters; hence the modern vulgar phrase, Old Nick, the evil one.

NICK, n. [Sw. nick; Dan. nik.] 1. The exact point of time required by necessity or convenience; the critical time. 2. [G. knick, a flaw. A notch or score for keeping an account; a reckoning; [obs.] 3. A winning throw.

NICK, v. t. 1. To hit; to ouch luckily; to perform by a slight artifice used at the lucky time. 2. To cut in nicks or notches. (See NoTCH.] 3. To suit, as lattices cut in nicks; [obs.] 4. To defeat or cozen, as at dice; to disappoint by some trick or unexpected turn; [obs.]

NICK, v. t. [G. knicken.] To notch or make an incision in a horse's tail, to make him carry it higher.

NICK AR-TREE, n. A tree of the genus guilandina. NICKEL, n. A metal of a white or reddish-white color. NICKEL-IC, a. The nickelic acid is a saturated combination of nickel and oxygen.

NICKER, n. One who watches for opportunities to pilfer or practice knavery. Arbuthnot.

NICK NAME, n. [In Fr. nique is a term of contempt.] A name given in contempt, derision or reproach; an opprobrious appellation.

NICK NAME, r. t. To give a name of reproach, o call by an opprobrious appellation. Shak.

NICK NAMED, pp. Named in derision.

NICKINA MING, ppr. Calling by a name in contempt or derision.

NIC-O-LAI-TAN, n. One of a sect in the ancient Christian church, so named from Nicolas.

NI-CO TÍAN, a. Pertaining to or denoting tobacco; and, as a noun, tobacco; so called from Nicot, who first introduced it into France, A. D. 1560.

ΝΙΘΟ-ΤΙΝ, n. The peculiar principle in the leaves of tobacco; a colorless substance of an acrid taste. NICTATE, v. i. [L. nicto.] To wink. Ray. NICTA-TING, or NICTI-TA-TING, ppr. or a. Winking. NIC-TATION, n. The act of winking. † NIDE, n. [L. nidus.] A brood.

NIDGET, n. A dastard. Camden.

NIDI-FI-CATE, v. i. [L. nidifico.] To make a nest. NID-I-FI-CATION, n. The act of building a nest, and the hatching and feeding of young in the nest. NIDING, n. [Sax. nithing; Dan., Sw. niding.] A despicable coward; a dastard.

NIDOR, n. [L.] Scent; savor. Bp. Taylor.

NI-DO-ROSI-TY, n. Eructation with the taste of undigested roast meat. Floyer.

NIDO-ROUS, a. Resembling the smell or taste of roasted meat. Bacon.

NIDU-LANT, a. [L. nidulor.] In botany, nestling; lying loose in pulp or cotton, within a berry or pericarp. †NID U-LATE, v. i. [L. nidulor.] To build a nest. Cock

†NIF/LE, n. [Norm.] A trifle. Chaucer. NIGGARD, n. [W. nig; G. knicker.] A miser; a person meanly close and covetous.

NIG/GARD, a. 1. Miserly; meanly covetous; sordidly parsimonious. Dryden. 2. Sparing; wary. NIG GARD, v. t. To stint; to supply sparingly. [L. u.] † NIG/GARD-ISE, n. Niggardliness. Spenser. NIGGARD-ISH, a. Somewhat covetous or niggardly. NIG GARD-LI-NESS, R. Mean covetousness; sordid par simony. Addison.

NIG GARD-LY, a. 1. Meanly covetous or avaricious; sordidly parsimonious; extremely sparing of expense. 2 Sparing; wary; cautiously avoiding profusion. NIGGARD-LY, adv. Sparingly; with cautious parsimony.

Shak.

NIG GARD-NESS, n. Niggardliness. Sidney.
NIG-GARD-SHIP, n. Avarice. Sir T. Elyot.
NIG GARD-Y, n. Niggardliness.

NIG GLE, v. t. and i. To mock; to trifle with. Beaumont. NIG GLER, n. One who is clever and dextrous. Grose. NIGH, (nī) a. [Sax. neah, neang, neh, for wig; G. nake.] 1. Near; not distant or remote in place or time. Prier. 2. Closely allied by blood. 3. Easy to be obtained or learnt; of easy access. 4. Ready to support, to forgive, or to aid and defend. 5. Close in fellowship; intimate in relation. 6. Near in progress or condition. Heb. vi.

NIGH, (nī) adv. 1. Near; at a small distance in place or time, or in the course of events. 2. Near to a place. 3. Almost; near.

† NIGH, (nī) v. i. To approach; to advance or draw near. NIGH, (ni) v. t. To come near; to touch. Chaucer.

NIGH LY, (nily) adv. Nearly; within a little. NIGHNESS, (nines) n. Nearness; proximity in place, time or degree.

NIGHT, (nite) n. [Sax. niht; Goth. nahts: D. nagt. G. nacht. 1. That part of the natural day when the sun is beneath the horizon, or the time from sunset to sunrise. 2. The time after the close of life; death. John ix. 3. Α state of ignorance; intellectual and moral darkness; heathemsh ignorance. Rom. xiii. 4. Adversity; a state of affliction and distress. Is. xxi. 5. Obscurity; a stale of concealment from the eye or the mind; unintelligibleness.-To-night, in this night.

NIGHT-AN-GLING, n. The angling for or catching fish in the night. Encyc.

NIGHT-BIRD, n. A bird that flies only in the night. Hell. NIGHT-BORN, a. Produced in darkness.

NIGHT-BRAWL-ER, n. One who excites brawls or makes a tumult at night.

NIGHT-CAP, n. A cap worn in bed or in undress. NIGHT CROW, n. A fowl that cries in the night. Shak. NIGHT-DEW, n. The dew formed in the night.

NIGHT-DOG, n. A dog that hunts in the night; used by deer-stealers. Shak.

NIGHT-DRESS, n. A dress worn at night. Pope. NIGHT ED, a. Darkened; clouded; black. [L. u.] Shak. NIGHT FALL, n. The close of the day; evening. NIGHT FAR-ING, a. Traveling in the night.

NIGHT FIRE, n. 1. Ignis fatuus; Will with a wisp; Jack with a lantern. 2. Fire burning in the night.

NIGHT-MAN, n. One who removes filth from cities in the night.

}

NIGHT MARE, n. [night, and Sax. mara.] Incubus; a NIGHT MAR, sensation in sleep resembling the pressure of a weight on the breast or about the præcordia. NIGHT-PIECE, n. A piece of painting so colored as to be supposed seen by candle-light. Addison. NIGHT-RAIL, n. [ight, and Sax. regl.] A loose robe or garment worn over the dress at night.

NIGHT-RA-VEN, n. A fowl of ill omen that cries in the night. Spenser.

NIGIFT-REST, n. Rest or repose at night. Shak.
NIGHT-ROB-BER, n. One that robs in the night.
NIGHT-RULE, n. A tumult or frolic in the night. Shak.
NIGHT SHADE, n. [Sax. nihtscada.] A plant.
NIGHT-SHIN-ING, a. Shining in the night; luminous in
darkness. Wilkins.

NIGHT-SHRIEK, n. A shriek or outcry in the night.
NIGHT-SPELL, n. A charm against accidents at night.
NIGHT-TRIP-PING, a. Tripping about in the night.
NIGHT-VIS-ION, n. A vision at night. Dan. ii.
NIGHT-WAK-ING, a. Watching in the night.

NIGHT-WALK, 2. A walk in the evening or night. Wal

ton.

NIGHT-WALK-ER, n. 1. One that walks in his sleep; a somnambulist. 2. One that roves about in the night for evil purposes.

NIGHT-WALK-ING, a. Roving in the night.

NIGHT-WALK-ING, n. A roving in the streets at night with evil designs.

NIGHT-WAND-ER-ER, n. One roving at night.
NIGHT-WAND-ER-ING, a. Wandering in the night.
NIGHT-WAR-BLING, a. Warbling or singing in the night.
NIGHT WARD, 4. Approaching towards night.

NIGHT-WATCH, n. 1. A period in the night, as distinguished by the change of the watch. 2. A watch or guard in the night.

NIGHT-WATCH-ER, n. One that watches in the night with evil designs.

NIGHT-WITCH, n. A night hag; a witch that appears in the night.

NI-GRESCENT, a. [L. nigresco.] Growing black; changing to a black color; approaching to blackness. NIG-RI-FI-CATION, n. [L. niger and facio.] The act of making black.

NIG RIN, . An ore of titanium, found in black grains NIG RINE, or rolled pieces. Ure.

NI-НПЛ-ТҮ, n. [L. nihilum.] Nothingness; a state of being nothing. Watts.

NILL, e. t. Sax. nillan.] Not to will; to refuse; to reject. NILL, e. i. To be unwilling. Shak.

NILL, n. The shining sparks of brass in trying and melting the ore. Johnson.

NI-LOM E-TER, n. [Nile, and Gr. μετρον.] An instrument for measuring the rise of water in the Nile during the

flood.

NIM, e. t. Sax. neman, niman.] To take; to steal; to filch. Hudibras.

NIM BLE, a. Light and quick in motion; moving with case and celerity: lively; swift. Pope.

NIM BLE FOOT ED, a. Running with speed; light of foot. NIM BLE NESS, a. Lightness and agility in motion; quickhes; celerity; speed; swiftness.

NIM BLESS, R. Nimbleness, Spenser.

NIM BLE WIT-TED, a. Quick; ready to speak.

NIM BLY, ade. With agility; with light, quick motion. NIMLE TY, n. L. nimietas.) The state of being too much. NIM MER, . Sax. niman. A thief. Hudibras.

NIN COM-POOP, n. [a corruption of L. non compos.] A food, a blockhead; a triffing dotard. [A low word.] NINE, 4.

Goth, niwn: G. neun.] Denoting the number composed of eight and one. NINE, . The number composed of eight and one. NINE-FOLD, a. Nine times repeated. Milton. AINE-HOLES, A. A game in which holes are made in the ground, into which a pellet is to be bowled. Drayton, NINE PENCE, n. A silver coin of the value of nine pence. NINE-PINS, a. A play with nine pins or sharpened pieres of wood set on end, at which a bowl is rolled for throwing them down.

NINE-SCORE, &. Noting nine times twenty.
NINE-SCORE, n. The number of nine times twenty
NINE TEEN, a. [Sax. nigantyne.] Noting the number
nine and ten united.

:

NINETEENTH, a. [Sax. nigantothe.] The ordinal
nineteen; designating nineteen
NINE TI-ETH, a. The ordinal of ninety.
NINETY, a. Nine times ten; as, ninety years.
NIN NY, n. [Sp. nino.] A fool; a simpleton.
NIN NY-HAM-MER, 2. A simpleton. Arbuthnot
NINTH, a. [Sax. nigetha.] The ordinal of nine; designa
ting the number nine, the next preceding ten.
NINTH, n. In music, an interval containing an octave and

a tone.

NIP, v. t. [D. knippen; Sw. knipa.] 1. To cut, bite or pinch off the end or nib, or to pinch off with the ends of the fingers. 2. To cut off the end of any thing; to clip as with the knife or scissors. 3. To blast; to kill or destroy the end of any thing; hence, to kill. 4. To pinch, bite or affect the extremities of any thing. 5. To check circulation. 6. To bite; to vex. 7. To satirize keenly; to taunt sarcastically.

NIP, n. 1. A pinch with the nails or teeth. Ascham. 2. A small cut, or a cutting off the end. 3. A blast; a killing of the ends of plants; destruction by frost. 4. A biting sarcasm; a taunt. 5. [G. nippen.] A sip or small draught.

NIPPED, or NIPT, pp. Pinched; bit; cropped; blasted. NIPPER, n. 1. A satirist; [obs.] 2. A fore tooth of a horse. The nippers are four.

NIPPER-KIN, n. [Aleman. nap, nappekin.] A small cup. NIPPERS, n. Small pincers.

NIPPING, ppr. Pinching; pinching off; biting off the end;

cropping; clipping; blasting; killing. NIP PING-LY, adv. With bitter sarcasm. Johnson. NIPPLE, n. [Sax. nypele.] 1. A teat; a dug. 2. The or ifice at which any animal liquor is separated. Derham. NIPPLE-WORT, n. A plant of the genus lapsana. † NIS, [Sax. nis. Is not. Spenser. NISAN, n. A month of the Jewish calendar, the first month of the sacred year and seventh of the civil year, answering nearly to our March.

NISI PRIUS, n. [L.] In law, a writ which lies in cases where the jury being impanneled and returned before the justices of the bench, one of the parties requests to have this writ for the ease of the country, that the cause may be tried before the justices of the same county.

NIT, n. [Sax. Anitu.] The egg of a louse or other small insect. Derham.

NI-TEN-CY, n. [L. niteo.] 1. Brightness; lustre; [l. u.] 2. [L. nitor.] Endeavor; effort; spring to expand itself; [little used.]

NITID, a. [L. nitidus.] 1. Bright; lustrous; shining. Boyle. 2. Gay; spruce; fine; (little used.] Reeve. NITRE, n. [Fr.nitre; Sp., It. nitro; L. nitrum.) A salt, NITER, called, also, salt-petre [stone-salt,] and, in the modern nomenclature of chemistry, nitrate of potash.

NITHING, n. [Sax.] A coward; a dastard; a poltroon. See NIDING.

NITRATE, n. A salt formed by the union of the nitric acid with a base. Lavosier.

NITRA-TED, a. Combined with nitre. Kirwan.
NITRIC, a. Impregnated with nitre.

NI-TRI-FI-CATION, n. The process of forming nitre.
NI TRI-FX, v. t. [nitre, and L. facio.] To form into nitre.
NITRITE, n. A salt formed by the combination of the ni-

trous acid with a base.

NITRO-GEN, n. [Gr. νιτρον and γενναw.] The element of nitre; that which produces nitre; that element or component part of air which is called azote. See AZOTE.

NI-TROG E-NOUS, a. Fertaining to nitrogen; producing nitre.

NI-TRO-LEO CIC, a. Designating an acid obtained from

leucine acted on by nitre. Braconnet.

NI-TROME-TER, n. [Gr. νιτρον and μετρεω.] An instrument for ascertaining the quality or value of nitre NITRO-MU-RIATIC, a. Partaking of nitre and muria or sen salt.

+NI-TROSI-TY, n. Quality of nitre. Cotgrave. NITROUS, a. Pertaining to nitre; partaking of the quali

ties of n'tre, or resembling it.

NITRY, a. Nitrous; pertaining to nitre; producing nitre NIT TER, n. The horse bee. Med. Repos.

NIT TILY, ade. Lousily. Hayward.

NIT TY, a. Full of nits; abounding with nits.

NIVAL, a. [L.. niralis.] Abounding with snow; snowy. NIV-E-OUS, a. [L. nireus) Snowy; resembling snow; partaking of the qualities of snow. Brown. NI ZY, n. Norm. Fr. nessi.] A dunce; a simpleton. NO. An abbreviation of number, Fr. nombre; as, No. 10. NO, ade. Sax. na, or ne; W. na.] 1. A word of denial or refusal, expressing a negative, and equivalent to nay and wot. 2. After another negative, it repeats the negation with great emphasis. 3. Not in any degree. 4. When no